ArticlePloS one2016
Are MUPs a Toxic Waste Disposal System?
Article in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Human biomonitoring of 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol: determination of the parent substance and a novel, specific metabolite in urine by UHPLC-MS/MS.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2026Article
- Changes to Urinary Proteome in High-Fat-DietBiomolecules · 2022Article
- Regulation of Sexually Dimorphic Expression of Major Urinary Proteins.Frontiers in physiology · 2022Review
- Pheromones that correlate with reproductive success in competitive conditions.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Biological Roles of Lipocalins in Chemical Communication, Reproduction, and Regulation of Microbiota.Frontiers in physiology · 2021Review
- Molecular complexity of the major urinary protein system of the Norway rat, Rattus norvegicus.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Regulation of volatile and non-volatile pheromone attractants depends upon male social status.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Transcriptomic and Proteomic Profiling Revealed High Proportions of Odorant Binding and Antimicrobial Defense Proteins in Olfactory Tissues of the House Mouse.Frontiers in genetics · 2018Article
- Differential regulation of vaginal lipocalins (OBP, MUP) during the estrous cycle of the house mouse.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- On the tear proteome of the house mouse (PeerJ · 2017Article
- Diversity of major urinary proteins (MUPs) in wild house mice.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- On the saliva proteome of the Eastern European house mouse (Mus musculus musculus) focusing on sexual signalling and immunity.Scientific reports · 2016Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Male house mice produce large quantities of major urinary proteins (MUPs), which function to bind and transport volatile pheromones, though they may also function as scavengers that bind and excrete toxic compounds ('toxic waste hypothesis'). In this study, we demonstrate the presence of an industrial chemical, 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol (DTBP), in the urine of wild-derived house mice (Mus musculus musculus). Addition of guanidine hydrochloride to male and female urine resulted in an increased release of DTBP. This increase was only observed in the high molecular weight fractions (HMWF; > 3 kDa) separated from male or female urine, suggesting that the increased release of DTBP was likely due to the denaturation of MUPs and the subsequent release of MUP-bound DTBP. Furthermore, when DTBP was added to a HMWF isolated from male urine, an increase in 2-sec-butyl-4,5-dihydrothiazole (SBT), the major ligand of MUPs and a male-specific pheromone, was observed, indicating that DTBP was bound to MUPs and displaced SBT. These results suggest that DTBP is a MUP ligand. Moreover, we found evidence for competitive ligand binding between DTBP and SBT, suggesting that males potentially face a tradeoff between eliminating toxic wastes versus transporting pheromones. Our findings support the hypothesis that MUPs bind and eliminate toxic wastes, which may provide the most important fitness benefits of excreting large quantities of these proteins.
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