ReviewF1000Research2016
IL-21 Signaling in Immunity.
Review in F1000Research, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 110 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
110 citing papers in PubMed, 178 citations in OpenAlex.
- Differential Clinical and Immunological Impacts of Anti-T-Lymphocyte Globulin (ATLG) vs. Anti-Thymocyte Globulin (ATG) in Preventing Graft-Versus-Host Disease Post-Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Comparative Study.American journal of hematology · 2025Trial
- Article
- Efficacy and immunological correlates of an mRNA-LNP vaccine for protection against an emerging rickettsial pathogen.Emerging microbes & infections · 2026Article
- Cytokine fusion proteins for solid tumor therapy: mechanistic insights and clinical advances.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2026Review
- Protein Posttranslational Modifications in Immunity: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets.MedComm · 2026Review
- IL-21 controls CD8Zoological research · 2026Article
- IL-21 silencing inhibits the proliferation, growth, and migration of colorectal cancer cells via suppressing phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and STAT3.Biological research · 2026Article
- HIF-2α induction in de novo lipogenesis in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis is dependent on IL-21 signaling.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2026Article
- Chronic IL-21 exposure reshapes pulmonary environment, elevating risk of respiratory diseases.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2026Article
- Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis Is Associated With a Dysbiotic Oral Microbiome.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2026Article
- Sulfated Polysaccharide-Rich Fractions from Spirulina Platensis (SPPs) Exert Multi-Target Anticancer Activity in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Cells.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- p38γ and p38δ support CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- T Helper Cells and Cytokine Networks in the Immunopathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis.ImmunoTargets and therapy · 2026Review
- Engineering IL-21 secretion in T cells using druggable ligand-responsive stabilized domains.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- An interleukin-27-centered cytokine circuit regulates macrophage and T cell interactions in autoimmune diabetes.iScience · 2025Article
- Simultaneous STING and lymphotoxin-β receptor activation induces B cell responses in tertiary lymphoid structures to potentiate antitumor immunity.Nature immunology · 2025Article
- Mechanisms of superior respiratory IgA responses against SARS-CoV-2 after mucosal vaccination.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Long-Term Durability and Variant-Specific Modulation of SARS-CoV-2 Humoral and Cellular Immunity over Two Years.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Polyfunctional T follicular helper cells drive checkpoint-inhibitor diabetes and are targeted by JAK inhibitor therapy.JCI insight · 2025Article
- Inflammatory diseases and risk of lung cancer among individuals who have never smoked.Nature communications · 2025Article
50 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
IL-21 is a type I cytokine produced by T cells and natural killer T cells that has pleiotropic actions on a wide range of immune and non-immune cell types. Since its discovery in 2000, extensive studies on the biological actions of IL-21 have been performed in vitro and in vivo. Recent reports describing patients with primary immunodeficiency caused by mutations of IL21 or IL21R have further deepened our knowledge of the role of this cytokine in host defense. Elucidation of the molecular mechanisms that mediate IL-21's actions has provided the rationale for targeting IL-21 and IL-21 downstream mediators for therapeutic purposes. The use of next-generation sequencing technology has provided further insights into the complexity of IL-21 signaling and has identified transcription factors and co-factors involved in mediating the actions of this cytokine. In this review, we discuss recent advances in the biology and signaling of IL-21 and how this knowledge can be potentially translated into clinical settings.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.