Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26965869›Full record

ArticleSexually transmitted infections2016

Men who have sex with men in Great Britain: comparing methods and estimates from probability and convenience sample surveys.

Philip Prah, Ford Hickson, Chris Bonell, Lisa M McDaid, Anne M Johnson, Sonali Wayal, Soazig Clifton, Pam Sonnenberg, Anthony Nardone, Bob Erens and 4 more

Abstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Sexually transmitted infections, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
58citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

58 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  5. Inferring Sexual Network Bridging Using Genomics: A Simulation Study.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Philip PrahResearch Department of Infection & Population Health, University College London, London, UK.
Ford HicksonSigma Research, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Chris BonellUCL Institute of Education, London, UK.
Lisa M McDaidMRC/CSO Social & Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
Anne M JohnsonResearch Department of Infection & Population Health, University College London, London, UK.
Sonali WayalResearch Department of Infection & Population Health, University College London, London, UK.
Soazig CliftonResearch Department of Infection & Population Health, University College London, London, UK.
Pam SonnenbergResearch Department of Infection & Population Health, University College London, London, UK.
Anthony NardoneHIV/STI Department, Public Health England, London, UK.
Bob ErensResearch Department of Infection & Population Health, University College London, London, UK Department of Health Services Research and Policy, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Andrew J CopasResearch Department of Infection & Population Health, University College London, London, UK.
Julie RiddellMRC/CSO Social & Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
Peter WeatherburnDepartment of Social & Environmental Health Research, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Catherine H MercerResearch Department of Infection & Population Health, University College London, London, UK.

Funding

Medical Research Council G0701757Medical Research Council MC_UU_12017/11Medical Research Council MC_UU_12017/2Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo examine sociodemographic and behavioural differences between men who have sex with men (MSM) participating in recent UK convenience surveys and a national probability sample survey.

methodsWe compared 148 MSM aged 18-64 years interviewed for Britain's third National Survey of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles (Natsal-3) undertaken in 2010-2012, with men in the same age range participating in contemporaneous convenience surveys of MSM: 15 500 British resident men in the European MSM Internet Survey (EMIS); 797 in the London Gay Men's Sexual Health Survey; and 1234 in Scotland's Gay Men's Sexual Health Survey. Analyses compared men reporting at least one male sexual partner (past year) on similarly worded questions and multivariable analyses accounted for sociodemographic differences between the surveys.

resultsMSM in convenience surveys were younger and better educated than MSM in Natsal-3, and a larger proportion identified as gay (85%-95% vs 62%). Partner numbers were higher and same-sex anal sex more common in convenience surveys. Unprotected anal intercourse was more commonly reported in EMIS. Compared with Natsal-3, MSM in convenience surveys were more likely to report gonorrhoea diagnoses and HIV testing (both past year). Differences between the samples were reduced when restricting analysis to gay-identifying MSM.

conclusionsNational probability surveys better reflect the population of MSM but are limited by their smaller samples of MSM. Convenience surveys recruit larger samples of MSM but tend to over-represent MSM identifying as gay and reporting more sexual risk behaviours. Because both sampling strategies have strengths and weaknesses, methods are needed to triangulate data from probability and convenience surveys.

Indexed as

Health SurveysAdolescentAdultAttitude to HealthHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeHomosexuality, MaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedReproductive HealthSampling StudiesSexually Transmitted DiseasesSexual PartnersSubstance-Related DisordersUnited KingdomUnsafe SexGAY MENSEXUAL BEHAVIOURSEXUAL HEALTH

Identifiers

PMID26965869
PMCPMC5013102

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.