ReviewSeminars in immunopathology2016
The host immune response in respiratory virus infection: balancing virus clearance and immunopathology.
Review in Seminars in immunopathology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04368156 (A Prospective, Randomized, Controlled Study Assessing Vagus Nerve Stimulation in CoViD-19 Respiratory Symptoms), which is not on this map. Cited by 280 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Prospective, Randomized, Controlled Study Assessing Vagus Nerve Stimulation in CoViD-19 Respiratory Symptoms (SAVIOR)
Who cites it
280 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 486 citations in OpenAlex.
- A meta-analysis reveals the effectiveness of probiotics and prebiotics against respiratory viral infection.Bioscience reports · 2021Pooled it
- Aptamer-Based Heterobifunctional Targeted Degraders in Disease Treatment.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Comparative pathogenesis, tissue tropism, and immune dynamics of infectious bronchitis virus genotypes GI‑1 and GI‑24 in broiler chickens.Poultry science · 2026Article
- Temporal Rewiring of Innate Immunity by Vector-Borne Viruses for Host-Directed Antiviral Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- iPSC-based macrophage models reveal interferon-dependent control of RSV permissiveness and syncytia formation.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Article
- Bacterial extracellular vesicles modulate epithelial antiviral responses via macrophage-mediated immunomodulation.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Article
- Lung Microbiome Diversity, Infection Dynamics, and Microbe-Mediated Cross-Protection.MicrobiologyOpen · 2026Review
- Review
- Distinct phenotypes and repertoires of bronchoalveolar and airway mucosal T cells in health and allergic asthma.Mucosal immunology · 2026Article
- Divergent effects of a Treg-selective IL-2 mutein on influenza-specific T cell responses.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2026Article
- Distinct Cytokine Landscapes Induced by Influenza a Virus, RSV, and SARS-CoV-2 in Older Adults (65+) Using an Ex Vivo Whole Blood Stimulation Model.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Adaptive resilience: agarikon mycelium modulates immune responses and provides oxidative stress buffering in human immune cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Article
- Hyperinflammation and immunomodulation in influenza, SARS-CoV-2 and syncytial respiratory virus infection in adults: from innate immune responses and biomarkers to clinical and therapeutic implications.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Review
- Myeloid cell expression of the VDR and parathyroid hormone control the host response to influenza infection in mice.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Respiratory epithelial cells as central mediators of immune crosstalk in SARS-CoV-2 infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Different Effects of Acute and Chronic Hypoxia on Antiviral Capacity of Pulmonary Vascular Endothelial Cells.Journal of immunology research · 2026Article
- Special Issue "Targeting of Functional Proteins in Disease Therapeutics: Enzyme Function and Inhibition Studies".International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Alveolar macrophages initiate the spatially targeted recruitment of neutrophils after nanoparticle inhalation.Science advances · 2025Article
220 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The respiratory tract is constantly exposed to the external environment, and therefore, must be equipped to respond to and eliminate pathogens. Viral clearance and resolution of infection requires a complex, multi-faceted response initiated by resident respiratory tract cells and innate immune cells and ultimately resolved by adaptive immune cells. Although an effective immune response to eliminate viral pathogens is essential, a prolonged or exaggerated response can damage the respiratory tract. Immune-mediated pulmonary damage is manifested clinically in a variety of ways depending on location and extent of injury. Thus, the antiviral immune response represents a balancing act between the elimination of virus and immune-mediated pulmonary injury. In this review, we highlight major components of the host response to acute viral infection and their role in contributing to mitigating respiratory damage. We also briefly describe common clinical manifestations of respiratory viral infection and morphological correlates. The continuing threat posed by pandemic influenza as well as the emergence of novel respiratory viruses also capable of producing severe acute lung injury such as SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and enterovirus D68, highlights the need for an understanding of the immune mechanisms that contribute to virus elimination and immune-mediated injury.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.