ArticleNature protocols2016
Using Raman spectroscopy to characterize biological materials.
Article in Nature protocols, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 424 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
424 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 1,207 citations in OpenAlex.
- Accuracy of AI-based raman spectroscopy in the diagnosis of gastric cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Lasers in medical science · 2026Pooled it
- Cross-attention fusion of Raman and NIR spectra for glucose soft sensing in fed-batch fermentation.Bioprocess and biosystems engineering · 2026Article
- Bone Quality Heterogeneity in Mixed Femoral Metastases Revealed by Stimulated Raman Scattering Spectromicroscopy.Annals of biomedical engineering · 2026Article
- Visualizing Metabolism: Lipid-Based Raman Nanoreporters as an Enabling Platform for Metabolic Imaging and Precision Medicine.ACS nano medicine · 2026Review
- Rice straw sample preparation protocol for cell wall major constituent analysis via Raman spectroscopy.STAR protocols · 2026Article
- Extracellular vesicles in breast cancer metastasis: functional insights and advances in single-EV analysis.Cancer metastasis reviews · 2026Review
- Visibility-Graph Analysis of Raman Spectra in Chalazion and Lipid Dysregulation: An Exploratory Study.Entropy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent-Based Extraction of Flavonoids fromMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Seeing the Chemistry of Biomolecular Condensates: In Situ Mapping of Composition and Water Content.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Raman spectral unmixing for quantitative analysis of multicomponent amino acid mixtures.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2026Article
- Shining a light on brain tumors: a review of Raman spectroscopy in the operating room.Journal of biomedical optics · 2026Review
- Systematic Analysis of Plasma-Derived Extracellular Vesicle-Enriched Samples in Age-Related Macular Degeneration Reveals Oxidative Stress Linked to Altered Lipid and Protein Profiles.Journal of extracellular biology · 2026Article
- Machine learning reconstruction of digit bone Raman spectra enables noninvasive transcutaneous detection of systemic osteoporosis.Biomedical optics express · 2026Article
- Raman Spectroscopy for Characterizing Monoclonal Antibody Reduction: A Process Analytical Technology Approach for Antibody-Drug Conjugation Process Development.Pharmaceutical research · 2026Article
- Research progress of AI assisted nano-SERS technology in rapid identification of multi species oral pathogenic biofilms.Mikrochimica acta · 2026Review
- Label-free biochemical imaging and time point analysis of neural organoids via deep learning-enhanced Raman microspectroscopy.Science advances · 2026Article
- Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy for Viral Diagnostics: Principles, Strategies, Clinical Challenges, and Future Directions.Chemical reviews · 2026Review
- Vibrational spectroscopic characterisation of fluorescent-protein-tagged and wild-type bacteria in surface-associated microdroplets.Faraday discussions · 2026Article
- Label-Free Detection of Cellular Aβ Accumulation and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in AD Cell Models via Raman Microscopy.Analytical chemistry · 2026Article
- Structural, Compositional, and Dielectric State Profiling in Label-Free Single-Cell Monitoring.Small methods · 2026Review
364 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 8 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Raman spectroscopy can be used to measure the chemical composition of a sample, which can in turn be used to extract biological information. Many materials have characteristic Raman spectra, which means that Raman spectroscopy has proven to be an effective analytical approach in geology, semiconductor, materials and polymer science fields. The application of Raman spectroscopy and microscopy within biology is rapidly increasing because it can provide chemical and compositional information, but it does not typically suffer from interference from water molecules. Analysis does not conventionally require extensive sample preparation; biochemical and structural information can usually be obtained without labeling. In this protocol, we aim to standardize and bring together multiple experimental approaches from key leaders in the field for obtaining Raman spectra using a microspectrometer. As examples of the range of biological samples that can be analyzed, we provide instructions for acquiring Raman spectra, maps and images for fresh plant tissue, formalin-fixed and fresh frozen mammalian tissue, fixed cells and biofluids. We explore a robust approach for sample preparation, instrumentation, acquisition parameters and data processing. By using this approach, we expect that a typical Raman experiment can be performed by a nonspecialist user to generate high-quality data for biological materials analysis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.