ArticleEndocrinology2016
Centrally Synthesized Estradiol Is a Potent Anti-Inflammatory in the Injured Zebra Finch Brain.
Article in Endocrinology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Spatial and temporal specificity of neuroestradiol provision in the songbird.Journal of neuroendocrinology · 2023Review
- Estradiol decreases the excitability of RA projection neurons in adult male zebra finches.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2023Article
- Brain-Derived Estrogen and Neurological Disorders.Biology · 2022Review
- Female presence does not increase testosterone but still ameliorates sickness behaviours in male Japanese quail.Royal Society open science · 2022Article
- Brain-derived estrogen and neural function.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2022Review
- Neuron-Derived Estrogen-A Key Neuromodulator in Synaptic Function and Memory.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Glial estradiol synthesis after brain injury.Current opinion in endocrine and metabolic research · 2021Article
- Unconventional animal models for traumatic brain injury and chronic traumatic encephalopathy.Journal of neuroscience research · 2021Review
- Birth size and morphological femininity in adult women.BMC evolutionary biology · 2020Article
- Estrogen as a Neuroprotectant in Both Sexes: Stories From the Bird Brain.Frontiers in neurology · 2020Review
- Central aromatization: A dramatic and responsive defense against threat and trauma to the vertebrate brain.Frontiers in neuroendocrinology · 2020Review
- Estrogen Formation and Inactivation Following TBI: What we Know and Where we Could go.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2020Review
- Estradiol to Androstenedione Ratios Moderate the Relationship between Neurological Injury Severity and Mortality Risk after Severe Traumatic Brain Injury.Journal of neurotrauma · 2019Article
- Parkinson's Disease in Women and Men: What's the Difference?Journal of Parkinson's disease · 2019Review
- Sex differences in Hippocampal Memory and Learning following Neonatal Brain Injury: Is There a Role for Estrogen Receptor-α?Neuroendocrinology · 2019Review
- Using a memory systems lens to view the effects of estrogens on cognition: Implications for human health.Physiology & behavior · 2018Article
- Reciprocal interactions between prostaglandin E2- and estradiol-dependent signaling pathways in the injured zebra finch brain.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2017Article
- Intrauterine inflammation induces sex-specific effects on neuroinflammation, white matter, and behavior.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2017Article
- Activation of the peripheral immune system regulates neuronal aromatase in the adult zebra finch brain.Scientific reports · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
In homeotherms, injury to the brain, such as a penetrating wound, increases microglial cytokine expression and astroglial aromatase (estrogen synthase). In songbirds, injury-induced synthesis of estrogens is neuroprotective as aromatase inhibition and replacement with estradiol (E2) exacerbates and mitigates the extent of damage, respectively. The influence of induced aromatization on inflammation, however, remains unstudied. We hypothesized that injury-induced aromatization, via E2 synthesis, may affect neuroinflammation after a penetrating brain injury. Using adult zebra finches, we first documented an increase in the transcription of cytokines but not aromatase, 2 hours after the injury. Twenty-four hours after the injury, however, aromatase was dramatically elevated and cytokine expression had returned to baseline, suggesting that aromatization may be involved in the decrease of cytokines and neuroinflammation. In two subsequent experiments, we tested the influence of the inhibition of induced aromatization and aromatase inhibition with concomitant central E2 replacement on the transcription of the cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, the enzyme cyclooxygenase-2 (cox-2), and its product prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Administration of fadrozole, an aromatase inhibitor, caused a sustained elevation of IL-1β in females and TNF-α, cox-2, and PGE2 in both sexes. This prolonged neuroinflammation appears to be due to a failure to synthesize E2 locally because intracranial E2 replacement lowered IL-1β in females, TNF-α in males, and cox-2 and PGE2 in both sexes. IL-6 was not affected by injury, aromatase inhibition, or E2 replacement in either sex. These data suggest that E2 synthesis after a penetrating brain injury is a potent and inducible anti-inflammatory signal, with specific modulation of discrete cytokine signaling.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.