Trial reportPloS one2016
Periodontitis and Cognitive Decline in Alzheimer's Disease.
Trial report in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03755362 (Treatment of Periodontitis to Prevent Dementia in Older Adults With Asymptomatic Carotid Artery Stenosis and Mild Cognitive Impairment), which is not on this map. Cited by 229 papers, 12 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Treatment of Periodontitis to Prevent Dementia in Older Adults With Asymptomatic Carotid Artery Stenosis and Mild Cognitive Impairment
Who cites it
229 citing papers in PubMed, 12 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 443 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gingipain inhibitors as an innovative therapy for periodontal and associated-systemic diseases: a systematic review.Clinical oral investigations · 2025Pooled it
- Evaluating the Performance and Implementation of the 2018 Classification of Periodontal Diseases: A Systematic Review and Survey.Journal of clinical periodontology · 2025Pooled it
- Association between periodontal disease and Alzheimer's disease: a scoping review.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Pooled it
- Impact of periodontal disease on cognitive disorders, dementia, and depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis.GeroScience · 2024Pooled it
- Oral Health as a Risk Factor for Alzheimer Disease.The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease · 2024Pooled it
- Periodontal Disease and Alzheimer's: Insights from a Systematic Literature Network Analysis.The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease · 2024Pooled it
- Is Periodontitis Associated with Age-Related Cognitive Impairment? The Systematic Review, Confounders Assessment and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Studies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Pooled it
- Patients with inflammatory bowel disease have a higher chance of developing periodontitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Evidence and Therapeutic Perspectives in the Relationship between the Oral Microbiome and Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Analysis the Link between Periodontal Diseases and Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Oral Health Status and Need for Oral Care in an Aging Population: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Pooled it
- Oral care tablet containing kiwifruit powder affects tongue coating microbiome.Clinical and experimental dental research · 2022Trial
- Blood-based biomarkers and early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Novel Therapeutic Insights Into Alzheimer's Disease: Glymphatic System and Meningeal Lymphatic Vessels.Aging cell · 2026Review
- The Oral-Brain Axis: A Unified Framework Linking Trigeminal Sensorimotor Dysfunction, Chronic Stress, Neuroinflammation, and Neurodegeneration.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Functional Foods and Micro- and Nanoplastics: Advances in Precision Nutritional Medicine for Oral-Gut-Brain Axis Health.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Dental disease among adults with and without HIV in the MACS/WIHS Combined Cohort Study (MWCCS).BMC oral health · 2026Article
- The Oral-Brain Axis: Mechanistic Insights Linking Periodontitis With Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Diseases.Cureus · 2026Review
- Plasma proteomics reveals divergent sex-specific senescence and bone biology signatures across neurodegenerative diseases.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
169 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Periodontitis is common in the elderly and may become more common in Alzheimer's disease because of a reduced ability to take care of oral hygiene as the disease progresses. Elevated antibodies to periodontal bacteria are associated with an increased systemic pro-inflammatory state. Elsewhere raised serum pro-inflammatory cytokines have been associated with an increased rate of cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease. We hypothesized that periodontitis would be associated with increased dementia severity and a more rapid cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease. We aimed to determine if periodontitis in Alzheimer's disease is associated with both increased dementia severity and cognitive decline, and an increased systemic pro inflammatory state. In a six month observational cohort study 60 community dwelling participants with mild to moderate Alzheimer's Disease were cognitively assessed and a blood sample taken for systemic inflammatory markers. Dental health was assessed by a dental hygienist, blind to cognitive outcomes. All assessments were repeated at six months. The presence of periodontitis at baseline was not related to baseline cognitive state but was associated with a six fold increase in the rate of cognitive decline as assessed by the ADAS-cog over a six month follow up period. Periodontitis at baseline was associated with a relative increase in the pro-inflammatory state over the six month follow up period. Our data showed that periodontitis is associated with an increase in cognitive decline in Alzheimer's Disease, independent to baseline cognitive state, which may be mediated through effects on systemic inflammation.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.