ArticleJournal of experimental botany2016
The Cer-cqu gene cluster determines three key players in a β-diketone synthase polyketide pathway synthesizing aliphatics in epicuticular waxes.
Article in Journal of experimental botany, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 50 papers.
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50 citing papers in PubMed, 99 citations in OpenAlex.
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- A GDSL-motif Esterase/Lipase Affects Wax and Cutin Deposition and Controls Hull-Caryopsis Attachment in Barley.Plant & cell physiology · 2024Article
- A guide to barley mutants.Hereditas · 2024Review
- Cuticular wax in wheat: biosynthesis, genetics, and the stress response.Frontiers in plant science · 2024Review
- Beyond skin-deep: targeting the plant surface for crop improvement.Journal of experimental botany · 2023Review
- Biosynthesis of barley wax β-diketones: a type-III polyketide synthase condensing two fatty acyl units.Nature communications · 2023Article
- WAX INDUCER 1 Regulates β-Diketone Biosynthesis by Mediating Expression of theInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Conserved signalling components coordinate epidermal patterning and cuticle deposition in barley.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Integrative omics approaches for biosynthetic pathway discovery in plants.Natural product reports · 2022Review
- Chromosome-scale assembly of the Moringa oleifera Lam. genome uncovers polyploid history and evolution of secondary metabolism pathways through tandem duplication.The plant genome · 2022Article
- Variation on a theme: the structures and biosynthesis of specialized fatty acid natural products in plants.The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology · 2022Review
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- Exploring and exploiting cuticle biosynthesis for abiotic and biotic stress tolerance in wheat and barley.Frontiers in plant science · 2022Review
- Analysis of barley mutants ert-c.1 and ert-d.7 reveals two loci with additive effect on plant architecture.Planta · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Aliphatic compounds on plant surfaces, called epicuticular waxes, are the first line of defense against pathogens and pests, contribute to reducing water loss and determine other important phenotypes. Aliphatics can form crystals affecting light refraction, resulting in a color change and allowing identification of mutants in their synthesis or transport. The present study discloses three such Eceriferum (cer) genes in barley - Cer-c, Cer-q and Cer-u - known to be tightly linked and functioning in a biochemical pathway forming dominating amounts of β-diketone and hydroxy-β-diketones plus some esterified alkan-2-ols. These aliphatics are present in many Triticeae as well as dicotyledons such as Eucalyptus and Dianthus. Recently developed genomic resources and mapping populations in barley defined these genes to a small region on chromosome arm 2HS. Exploiting Cer-c and -u potential functions pinpointed five candidates, of which three were missing in apparent cer-cqu triple mutants. Sequencing more than 50 independent mutants for each gene confirmed their identification. Cer-c is a chalcone synthase-like polyketide synthase, designated diketone synthase (DKS), Cer-q is a lipase/carboxyl transferase and Cer-u is a P450 enzyme. All were highly expressed in pertinent leaf sheath tissue of wild type. A physical map revealed the order Cer-c, Cer-u, Cer-q with the flanking genes 101kb apart, confirming they are a gene cluster, Cer-cqu. Homology-based modeling suggests that many of the mutant alleles affect overall protein structure or specific active site residues. The rich diversity of identified mutations will facilitate future studies of three key enzymes involved in synthesis of plant apoplast waxes.
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