ArticleScientific reports2016
Estrogen ameliorates microglial activation by inhibiting the Kir2.1 inward-rectifier K(+) channel.
Article in Scientific reports, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The role of convergent ion channel pathways in microglial phenotypes: a systematic review of the implications for neurological and psychiatric disorders.Translational psychiatry · 2018Pooled it
- Ablation of microglial estrogen receptor alpha predisposes male mice to diet-induced obesity.Metabolism: clinical and experimental · 2026Article
- Targeting estrogen to the brain via DHED does not seem to protect against metabolic dysfunction in obese OVX mice.Endocrinology · 2026Article
- Ion Channel-Targeting Modulators in Glioma: Pharmacological Advances and Therapeutic Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Physical activity-associated extracellular vesicles inhibit inflammagen-induced microglial activation.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- Not just neurons: glial mechanisms driving sex-specific vulnerability to withdrawal and relapse in substance use disorder.Frontiers in neuroendocrinology · 2026Review
- Multiparity exacerbates Aβ accumulation and promotes cellular senescence in a mouse model of amyloidosis.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2026Article
- Microglia as candidate links between hormonal signals and neuronal circuits in polycystic ovary syndrome: evidence gaps and a research agenda.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Mitochondrial dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease and related sex differences.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Review
- Ionizing radiation and Alzheimer's disease: epidemiology, mechanisms, and eCIRP-mediated tau pathology.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Sex-dependent immune activation shapes disease progression in a model of Parkinson's disease.Biology of sex differences · 2025Article
- Role of Reactive Astrocytes and Microglia: Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling in Neuroprotection and Repair in Parkinson's Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Loss of ovarian hormones is detrimental in early disease stages of mouse models of Alzheimer's disease and multi-etiology dementia.Biology of sex differences · 2025Article
- Sex-specific associations between Neutrophil-Percentage-to-Albumin Ratio(NPAR) and Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) with positive and negative symptoms in schizophrenia.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- The Role of Prenatal Microglial Activation and Its Sex Differences in the Development of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Neurodegenerative Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Sex-specific dysregulation of the CXProgress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry · 2025Article
- Prenatal Stress Rewires the Gut-Brain Axis: Long-Term, Sex-Specific Effects on Microbiota, Intestinal Barrier, and Hippocampal Inflammation.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Dopamine D1 receptor agonist alleviates post-weaning isolation-induced neuroinflammation and depression-like behaviors in female mice.Behavioral and brain functions : BBF · 2025Article
- Interactions between menopause and high-fat diet on cognition and pathology in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Article
- Systemically circulating 17β-estradiol enhances the neuroprotective effect of the smoking cessation drug cytisine in female parkinsonian mice.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2025Article
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8 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Microglial activation is implicated in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). Although the etiology of PD remains unclear, age and male gender are known PD risk factors. By comparing microglia and dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra (SN) of male and female mice of different ages, we found that the degrees of microglial activation and DA neuron loss increased with age in both genders, but were more pronounced in males, as were peripheral lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced microglial activation and DA neuron loss. A bilateral ovariectomy (OVX) eliminated the female-associated protection against age- and LPS-induced microglial activation, which suggests that ovary hormones are involved in gender-specific responses. Treating female mice with 17β-estradiol supplements reduced the age-associated microglial activation in OVX mice. Moreover, pretreating mouse BV2 microglial cells with 17β-estradiol inhibited LPS-induced elevation of Toll-like receptor 4, phosphorylated p38, and TNF-α levels. We then examined the effect of 17β-estradiol on inward-rectifier K(+) channel Kir2.1, a known regulator of microglial activation. We found that 17β-estradiol inhibited the Kir2.1 activity of BV2 cells by reducing the probability that the channel would be open. We conclude that age- and inflammation-associated microglial activation is attenuated by ovarian estrogen, because it inhibits Kir2.1.
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