ReviewSeminars in ophthalmology2016
Drug Delivery Nanoparticles: Toxicity Comparison in Retinal Pigment Epithelium and Retinal Vascular Endothelial Cells.
Review in Seminars in ophthalmology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed.
- A Remarkable Tale: Increased Retinal Fluorescence Following Application of Permanent Marker Ink to Mouse Tails.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Article
- Nanoparticles in intraocular drug delivery.Medizinische Genetik : Mitteilungsblatt des Berufsverbandes Medizinische Genetik e.V · 2025Article
- Revolutionizing Retinal Therapy: The Role of Nanoparticle Drug Carriers in Managing Vascular Retinal Disorders.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Review
- Nanotechnology in retinal diseases: From disease diagnosis to therapeutic applications.Biophysics reviews · 2024Review
- Biodegradable microspheres come into sight: A promising biomaterial for delivering drug to the posterior segment of the eyeball.Materials today. Bio · 2024Review
- Light-responsive polymeric nanoparticles for retinal drug delivery: design cues, challenges and future perspectives.Heliyon · 2024Review
- Effects of Larrea nitida nanodispersions on the growth inhibition of phytopathogens.AMB Express · 2023Article
- Synthesis and Characterization of Nanoparticle-Based Dexamethasone-Polypeptide Conjugates as Potential Intravitreal Delivery Systems.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Article
- Roles of biomaterials in modulating the innate immune response in ocular therapy.Frontiers in drug delivery · 2023Review
- Unconjugated PLGA nanoparticles attenuate temperature-dependent β-amyloid aggregation and protect neurons against toxicity: implications for Alzheimer's disease pathology.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2022Article
- Nanoparticles in ocular applications and their potential toxicity.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2022Review
- S14G-humanin (HNG) protects retinal endothelial cells from UV-B-induced NLRP3 inflammation activation through inhibiting Egr-1.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2021Article
- The emerging role of circular RNAs in cardiovascular diseases.Journal of physiology and biochemistry · 2021Review
- Article
- Time-Dependent Internalization of Polymer-Coated Silica Nanoparticles in Brain Endothelial Cells and Morphological and Functional Effects on the Blood-Brain Barrier.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Circular RNA in cardiovascular disease: Expression, mechanisms and clinical prospects.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2021Review
- Effects of gold and PCL- or PLLA-coated silica nanoparticles on brain endothelial cells and the blood-brain barrier.Beilstein journal of nanotechnology · 2019Article
- Combination of cGMP analogue and drug delivery system provides functional protection in hereditary retinal degeneration.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Multiple synthetic polymer nanoparticles (NPs) have been widely used as drug delivery systems. However, their toxicity to the retinal pigment epithelium and retinal endothelium remains unclear. In this study, we analyze the cytotoxic effects of three different kinds of NPs, made of poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA), polycaprolactone (PCL), and PEGylated PLGA (PEG-PLGA), in a retinal pigment epithelium cell line (ARPE-19) and in primary human retinal vascular endothelial cells (RVEC). PEG-PLGA NPs presented the lowest cytotoxicity on ARPE-19 cells and RVEC as assessed by MTT viability assay. While PLGA and PCL exhibited variable amounts of toxicity, no significant toxicity was observed when incubating cells with high PEG-PLGA concentrations (100 µg/ml), for up to 6 days. On both transmission electron microscopy and confocal microscopy, Rhodamine 6G-loaded PEG-PLGA NPs were observed intracellularly in multiple subcellular organelles. PEG-PLGA NPs are a potentially viable option for the treatment of eye diseases.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.