ReviewToxins2016
Conversion Ratio between Botox®, Dysport®, and Xeomin® in Clinical Practice.
Review in Toxins, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04794504 (Botulinum Toxin Type A Injected Into the Temporalis and Masseter Before Orthognathic Surgery to Improve Postoperative Pain), which is not on this map. Cited by 93 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Botulinum Toxin Type A Injected Into the Temporalis and Masseter Before Orthognathic Surgery to Improve Postoperative Pain
Who cites it
93 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Guidelines for the Use of Botulinum Toxin in Otolaryngology From the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics Guideline Task Force.Clinical and experimental otorhinolaryngology · 2023Guideline
- Is there a role for botulinum toxin A in the emergency setting for delayed abdominal wall closure in the management of the open abdomen? A systematic review.Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England · 2023Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Complications of Cosmetic Botulinum Toxin A Injections to the Upper Face: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Aesthetic surgery journal · 2022Pooled it
- Botulinum Toxin-A Injection in Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome Treatment: A Systematic Review and Pooled Meta-Analysis.Toxins · 2022Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Botulinum Toxins Type A (Bont-A) in the Management of Lower Limb Spasticity in Children: A Systematic Literature Review and Bayesian Network Meta-analysis.Journal of child neurology · 2019Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of intradetrusor abobotulinumtoxinA and incobotulinumtoxinA in women with overactive bladder and the value of local anesthesia: a randomized clinical study.Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · 2025Trial
- Exploring botulinum toxin's impact on masseter hypertrophy: a randomized, triple-blinded clinical trial.Scientific reports · 2024Trial
- A Randomized, Double-Blind, Active Control, Multicenter, Phase 3 Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of LiztoxToxins · 2023Trial
- Nonsurgical treatment for upper eyelid retraction in patients with inactive Graves' orbitopathy.International ophthalmology · 2023Trial
- Trial
- Sensorimotor Perceptive Rehabilitation Integrated (SPRInt) program: exercises with augmented movement feedback associated to botulinum neurotoxin in idiopathic cervical dystonia-an observational study.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2020Trial
- Efficacy and Safety of Botulinum Toxin Type A in Spasticity Caused by Spinal Cord Injury: A Randomized, Controlled Trial.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2018Trial
- Effect of 3 Commercially Available Botulinum Toxin Neuromodulators on Facial Synkinesis: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA facial plastic surgery · 2018Trial
- Drooling in Children with Cerebral Palsy: A Narrative Review of the Current Management Landscape.Saudi medical journal · 2026Review
- [Botulinum toxin A in the ophthalmological practice: therapeutic and esthetic applications : Indications, prerequisites and procedure].Die Ophthalmologie · 2026Review
- Botulinum Toxin in Children and Adolescents-A Comprehensive Review of Clinical Applications.Toxins · 2026Review
33 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Botulinum neurotoxin has revolutionized the treatment of spasticity and is now administered worldwide. There are currently three leading botulinum neurotoxin type A products available in the Western Hemisphere: onabotulinum toxin-A (ONA) Botox(®), abobotulinum toxin-A (ABO), Dysport(®), and incobotulinum toxin A (INCO, Xeomin(®)). Although the efficacies are similar, there is an intense debate regarding the comparability of various preparations. Here we will address the clinical issues of potency and conversion ratios, as well as safety issues such as toxin spread and immunogenicity, to provide guidance for BoNT-A use in clinical practice. INCO was shown to be as effective as ONA with a comparable adverse event profile when a clinical conversion ratio of 1:1 was used. The available clinical and preclinical data suggest that a conversion ratio ABO:ONA of 3:1-or even lower-could be appropriate for treating spasticity, cervical dystonia, and blepharospasm or hemifacial spasm. A higher conversion ratio may lead to an overdosing of ABO. While uncommon, distant spread may occur; however, several factors other than the pharmaceutical preparation are thought to affect spread. Finally, whereas the three products have similar efficacy when properly dosed, ABO has a better cost-efficacy profile.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.