Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26957529›Full record

ArticleArchives of disease in childhood2016

Family income and young adolescents' perceived social position: associations with self-esteem and life satisfaction in the UK Millennium Cohort Study.

Rienke Bannink, Anna Pearce, Steven Hope

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Archives of disease in childhood, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
24citing papers in PubMed
8.1field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

24 citing papers in PubMed, 65 citations in OpenAlex.

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  4. Relationships Between Self-Esteem and Personal Attributes, Income, Consumption, and Assets: Japanese Panel Study.European journal of investigation in health, psychology and education · 2025
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  15. Better sleep, better life? How sleep quality influences children's life satisfaction.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2020
    Article
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  18. Pathways to inequalities in child health.Archives of disease in childhood · 2019
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Rienke BanninkDepartment of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Anna PearceDepartment of Population, Policy and Practice, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK.
Steven HopeDepartment of Population, Policy and Practice, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-6759-6927
University College London · GBErasmus MC · NL

Funding

Department of HealthMedical Research Council MR/J012351/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSelf-esteem and life satisfaction are important aspects of positive mental health in young people, and both are socially distributed. However, the majority of evidence is based on socioeconomic characteristics of the family. As children enter adolescence and gain independence, perceptions of their own social position are likely to influence mental health. DESIGN AND

objectivesUsing data on 11-year-olds from the UK Millennium Cohort Study, we investigated associations of both family income and young adolescents' perception of their social position with self-esteem and life satisfaction. We hypothesised that there would be differences in the impact of perceived social position on positive mental health when investigating the full scale scoring distribution or the bottom of the distribution. Therefore, we estimated proportional odds for having greater positive mental health (across the distribution of scores) and ORs for poor outcomes (lowest 10% scores).

resultsThe likelihood of greater self-esteem and life satisfaction increased with income; similarly, the risk of having poor self-esteem and life satisfaction increased as income decreased. Young adolescents who perceived their family as poorer than their friends (instead of about the same) were less likely to have greater self-esteem and life satisfaction and were more likely to have poor outcomes. Young adolescents who perceived their family as richer were more likely to have poor self-esteem, but were not less likely to have greater self-esteem. For life satisfaction, young adolescents who perceived their families as richer were less likely to have greater and more likely to have poor life satisfaction.

conclusionsPolicies to redistribute income in families with children are likely to benefit the mental health of young people. However, it is also important to consider the impact of social comparison on young people's mental health as they enter adolescence.

Indexed as

Personal SatisfactionSelf ConceptSocial ClassAdolescentEducational StatusFamilyFemaleHappinessHumansIncomeMalePerceptionUnited KingdomAdolescent HealthChild PsychologyComm Child Health

Identifiers

PMID26957529
PMCPMC5050283
OpenAlexW2296535893

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.