Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26956477›Full record

ArticlePublic health nutrition2016

Food insecurity among people who inject drugs in Los Angeles and San Francisco.

Jane Schmitz, Alex H Kral, Daniel Chu, Lynn D Wenger, Ricky N Bluthenthal

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Public health nutrition, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

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  15. The hepatitis C epidemic in Canada: An overview of recent trends in surveillance, injection drug use, harm reduction and treatment.Canada communicable disease report = Releve des maladies transmissibles au Canada · 2021
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Jane Schmitz1Department of Preventive Medicine,Keck School of Medicine,University of Southern California,Los Angeles,CA,USA.
Alex H Kral2RTI International,San Francisco,CA,USA.
Daniel Chu1Department of Preventive Medicine,Keck School of Medicine,University of Southern California,Los Angeles,CA,USA.
Lynn D Wenger2RTI International,San Francisco,CA,USA.
Ricky N Bluthenthal1Department of Preventive Medicine,Keck School of Medicine,University of Southern California,Los Angeles,CA,USA.

Funding

USC/NORRIS COMPREHENSIVE CANCER CENTER (CORE) SUPPORTP30CA014089 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI Saul Priceman · 1985 to 2026
$181.4M
Exploratory Research on Late Initiation of Drug InjectionR01DA027689 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI BLUTHENTHAL, RICKY N, KRAL, ALEXANDER H · 2010 to 2012
$1.7M
NCI NIH HHS P30 CA014089NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA027689
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveWe estimated the prevalence of food insecurity among people who inject drugs (PWID) in Los Angeles and San Francisco and explored correlates of food insecurity.

designA cross-sectional study that measured 30 d food insecurity using the US Adult Food Security Survey ten-item Module developed by the US Department of Agriculture. Food insecurity was defined as including low and very low food security.

settingTwo cities in the state of California, USA. SUBJECTS: Male and female active PWID (n 777).

resultsAmong participants, 58 % reported food insecurity and 41 % reported very low food security. Food-insecure PWID were more likely to report being homeless (prevalence ratio (PR)=1·20; 95 % CI 1·05, 1·37), chest pain in the past 12 months (PR=1·19; CI 1·06, 1·35), acquiring syringes from someone who goes to a syringe exchange programme (PR=1·27; 95 % CI 1·13, 1·43) and feeling at risk for arrest for possession of drug paraphernalia (PR=1·30; 95 % CI 1·15, 1·46).

conclusionsCurrent food insecurity was common among PWID in these two cities, yet few factors were independently associated with food insecurity. These data suggest that broad strategies to improve food access for this high-risk population are urgently needed.

Indexed as

Drug UsersFood SupplyAdultCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansLos AngelesMaleMiddle AgedPrevalenceRisk-TakingSan FranciscoVulnerable PopulationsFoodFood insecurityHungerInjection drug usePeople who inject drugsUS Adult Food Security Survey ten-item ModuleViolence

Identifiers

PMID26956477
PMCPMC10271123

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.