ReviewNature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology2016
Clostridium difficile infection: epidemiology, diagnosis and understanding transmission.
Review in Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03030248 (Randomized Double Blind Controlled Trial for the Treatment of Nucleic Acid Amplification Test), which is not on this map. Cited by 183 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Randomized Double Blind Controlled Trial for the Treatment of Nucleic Acid Amplification Test (NAAT)+/Toxin Enzyme Immunoassay (EIA)- Clostridium Difficile in the Hematology Oncology Population
Who cites it
183 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 322 citations in OpenAlex.
- Research reviews and prospects of gut microbiota in liver cirrhosis: a bibliometric analysis (2001-2023).Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Pooled it
- AGA Technical Review on the Role of Probiotics in the Management of Gastrointestinal Disorders.Gastroenterology · 2020Guideline
- Global and Historical Distribution ofFrontiers in medicine · 2020Pooled it
- Randomized Controlled Trial of Oral Vancomycin Treatment in Clostridioides difficile-Colonized Patients.mSphere · 2021Trial
- The prevalence and molecular epidemiology ofEmerging microbes & infections · 2026Observational
- Review
- Factors driving increases inEuro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2026Article
- Novel surveillance design exploiting network analysis for efficient, rapid detection of emerging Clostridioides difficile strains.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Clinical Approaches toJournal of Korean medical science · 2026Article
- Phylogenomic analysis of the collagen-like BclA proteins inApplied and environmental microbiology · 2026Article
- Biochemistry of Human Gut Microbiota: Related Diseases and Dietary Interactions.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Pooled analyses of Clostridioides difficile vaccine trials identify baseline predictors for vaccine response.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- A novel RNA nucleic acid amplification test more accurately distinguishes activemedRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Article
- A Colombian strain ofVirulence · 2025Article
- Dietary iron attenuatesVirulence · 2025Article
- Microbiome signatures ofmSphere · 2025Article
- Isolation ofAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Maternal Faecalibacterium pathobionts and low-fiber diets synergize to impact offspring health: implications for atopic dermatitis.Microbiome · 2025Article
- Evaluation of three commercial rapid immunoassays for the diagnosis ofMicrobiology spectrum · 2025Article
123 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) continues to affect patients in hospitals and communities worldwide. The spectrum of clinical disease ranges from mild diarrhoea to toxic megacolon, colonic perforation and death. However, this bacterium might also be carried asymptomatically in the gut, potentially leading to 'silent' onward transmission. Modern technologies, such as whole-genome sequencing and multi-locus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis, are helping to track C. difficile transmission across health-care facilities, countries and continents, offering the potential to illuminate previously under-recognized sources of infection. These typing strategies have also demonstrated heterogeneity in terms of CDI incidence and strain types reflecting different stages of epidemic spread. However, comparison of CDI epidemiology, particularly between countries, is challenging due to wide-ranging approaches to sampling and testing. Diagnostic strategies for C. difficile are complicated both by the wide range of bacterial targets and tests available and the need to differentiate between toxin-producing and non-toxigenic strains. Multistep diagnostic algorithms have been recommended to improve sensitivity and specificity. In this Review, we describe the latest advances in the understanding of C. difficile epidemiology, transmission and diagnosis, and discuss the effect of these developments on the clinical management of CDI.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.