ArticleInternational journal of general medicine2016
Probiotics are effective at preventing Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Article in International journal of general medicine, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 88 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Incidence, Risk Factors and Severity of Pediatric Antibiotic Associated Diarrhea
Probiotic and Effects on Multi-Drug Resistant Urinary Tract Infection
Who cites it
88 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 177 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy of probiotic supplementation in preventingFrontiers in nutrition · 2026Pooled it
- Probiotics for pediatric diarrhea and constipation: an umbrella meta-analysis.BMC pediatrics · 2025Pooled it
- The effect of probiotics on the diarrhea and constipation outcomes in children: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea BeyondThe Brown journal of hospital medicine · 2023Pooled it
- The effects of pro-, pre-, and synbiotics supplementation on polycystic ovary syndrome: an umbrella review of meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Probiotics and Synbiotics Decrease Postoperative Sepsis in Elective Gastrointestinal Surgical Patients: a Meta-Analysis.Journal of gastrointestinal surgery : official journal of the Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract · 2016Pooled it
- Randomized, Controlled, Crossover trial of Prevention of Clindamycin-Induced Gastrointestinal Signs Using a Synbiotic in Healthy Research Cats.Journal of veterinary internal medicine · 2017Trial
- Live Biotherapeutic Products (LBPs) as Promising Microbiome-Based Medicines for Colorectal Cancer (CRC): Mechanistic Basis, Therapeutic Applications, and Translational Challenges.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- Evaluation of the delivery of an anti-Listeria endolysin via CRISPR-Cas9 engineered probiotic Saccharomyces boulardii.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Impact of a Three-Strain Lactobacilli Probiotic (BioK+) on Incidence of Hospital-OnsetAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Bioengineered Probiotics for Clostridioides difficile Infection: An Overview of the Challenges and Potential for This New Treatment Approach.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2025Review
- Health-Promoting and Functional Properties of Fermented Milk Beverages with Probiotic Bacteria in the Prevention of Civilization Diseases.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Effects of probiotics in elderly hospitalized tube-fed patients with antibiotics use.BMC gastroenterology · 2024Article
- Insights into Gut Dysbiosis: Inflammatory Diseases, Obesity, and Restoration Approaches.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Guidelines for Antibiotics Prescription in Critically Ill Patients.Indian journal of critical care medicine : peer-reviewed, official publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine · 2024Article
- Review
- Clostridioides difficile Infections: Prevention and Treatment Strategies.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2024Review
- Probiotics for Prevention and Treatment of Clostridium difficile Infection.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2024Article
- Article
28 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionClostridium difficile infection (CDI) is the leading cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea. CDI has increased in incidence and severity over the past decade, and is a growing worldwide health problem associated with substantial health care costs and significant morbidity and mortality. This meta-analysis examines the impact of probiotics on the incidence of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD) among children and adults, in both hospital and outpatient settings.
methodsA comprehensive literature search of all published randomized control trials (RCTs) assessing the use of probiotics in the prevention of CDAD in patients receiving antibiotic therapy was conducted, and the incidence of CDAD was analyzed.
resultsTwenty-six RCTs involving 7,957 patients were analyzed. Probiotic use significantly reduced the risk of developing CDAD by 60.5% (relative risk [RR] =0.395; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.294-0.531; P<0.001). Probiotics proved beneficial in both adults and children (59.5% and 65.9% reduction), especially among hospitalized patients. Lactobacillus, Saccharomyces, and a mixture of probiotics were all beneficial in reducing the risk of developing CDAD (63.7%, 58.5%, and 58.2% reduction).
conclusionProbiotic supplementation is associated with a significant reduction in the risk of developing CDAD in patients receiving antibiotics. Additional studies are required to determine the optimal dose and strain of probiotic.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.