ArticlePloS one2016
SMN Protein Can Be Reliably Measured in Whole Blood with an Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) Immunoassay: Implications for Clinical Trials.
Article in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effectiveness and Safety of Nusinersen and Risdiplam in Spinal Muscular Atrophy: A Systematic Review.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2026Pooled it
- Age-dependent SMN expression in disease-relevant tissue and implications for SMA treatment.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2019Trial
- A Comparative Study of SMN Protein and mRNA in Blood and Fibroblasts in Patients with Spinal Muscular Atrophy and Healthy Controls.PloS one · 2016Trial
- Comparative Analysis ofBiomedicines · 2026Article
- RNA biomarkers in spinal muscular atrophy: enhancing pathogenesis understanding and guiding precision medicine.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2026Review
- Advancing personalized spinal muscular atrophy care: matching the right biomarker to the right patient at the right time.Journal of neurology · 2025Review
- Application of Biomarkers in Spinal Muscular Atrophy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Analysis of SMN protein in umbilical cord blood and postnatal peripheral blood of neonates with SMA: a rationale for prompt treatment initiation to prevent SMA development.Orphanet journal of rare diseases · 2025Article
- Patient-specific responses toMolecular therapy. Methods & clinical development · 2024Article
- The Relevance of Spinal Muscular Atrophy Biomarkers in the Treatment Era.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Innovating spinal muscular atrophy models in the therapeutic era.Disease models & mechanisms · 2023Article
- Molecular Biomarkers for the Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Pharmacodynamics of Spinal Muscular Atrophy.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- CSF IL-8 Associated with Response to Gene Therapy in a Case Series of Spinal Muscular Atrophy.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2023Article
- Role of circulating biomarkers in spinal muscular atrophy: insights from a new treatment era.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Review
- SMN Is Physiologically Downregulated at Wild-Type Motor Nerve Terminals but Aggregates Together with Neurofilaments in SMA Mouse Models.Biomolecules · 2022Article
- Therapy development for spinal muscular atrophy: perspectives for muscular dystrophies and neurodegenerative disorders.Neurological research and practice · 2022Review
- Update on Biomarkers in Spinal Muscular Atrophy.Biomarker insights · 2021Review
- Whole blood survival motor neuron protein levels correlate with severity of denervation in spinal muscular atrophy.Muscle & nerve · 2020Article
- Serum creatinine is a biomarker of progressive denervation in spinal muscular atrophy.Neurology · 2020Article
- Rescue of spinal muscular atrophy mouse models with AAV9-Exon-specific U1 snRNA.Nucleic acids research · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is caused by defects in the survival motor neuron 1 (SMN1) gene that encodes survival motor neuron (SMN) protein. The majority of therapeutic approaches currently in clinical development for SMA aim to increase SMN protein expression and there is a need for sensitive methods able to quantify increases in SMN protein levels in accessible tissues. We have developed a sensitive electrochemiluminescence (ECL)-based immunoassay for measuring SMN protein in whole blood with a minimum volume requirement of 5μL. The SMN-ECL immunoassay enables accurate measurement of SMN in whole blood and other tissues. Using the assay, we measured SMN protein in whole blood from SMA patients and healthy controls and found that SMN protein levels were associated with SMN2 copy number and were greater in SMA patients with 4 copies, relative to those with 2 and 3 copies. SMN protein levels did not vary significantly in healthy individuals over a four-week period and were not affected by circadian rhythms. Almost half of the SMN protein was found in platelets. We show that SMN protein levels in C/C-allele mice, which model a mild form of SMA, were high in neonatal stage, decreased in the first few weeks after birth, and then remained stable throughout the adult stage. Importantly, SMN protein levels in the CNS correlated with SMN levels measured in whole blood of the C/C-allele mice. These findings have implications for the measurement of SMN protein induction in whole blood in response to SMN-upregulating therapy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.