Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26951679›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2016

Whole-exome sequencing identifies MST1R as a genetic susceptibility gene in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Wei Dai, Hong Zheng, Arthur Kwok Leung Cheung, Clara Sze-man Tang, Josephine Mun Yee Ko, Bonnie Wing Yan Wong, Merrin Man Long Leong, Pak Chung Sham, Florence Cheung, Dora Lai-Wan Kwong and 16 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
56citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

56 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  3. A Systematic Literature Review of Whole Exome and Genome Sequencing Population Studies of Genetic Susceptibility to Cancer.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2020
    Pooled it
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  9. Sea lice (Frontiers in genetics · 2025
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  11. Phenomics (Cham, Switzerland) · 2024
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

26 authors.

Wei DaiDepartment of Clinical Oncology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (Special Administrative Region), People's Republic of China;
Hong ZhengDepartment of Clinical Oncology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (Special Administrative Region), People's Republic of China;
Arthur Kwok Leung CheungDepartment of Clinical Oncology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (Special Administrative Region), People's Republic of China;
Clara Sze-man TangDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (Special Administrative Region), People's Republic of China;
Josephine Mun Yee KoDepartment of Clinical Oncology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (Special Administrative Region), People's Republic of China;
Bonnie Wing Yan WongDepartment of Clinical Oncology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (Special Administrative Region), People's Republic of China;
Merrin Man Long LeongDepartment of Clinical Oncology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (Special Administrative Region), People's Republic of China;
Pak Chung ShamDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (Special Administrative Region), People's Republic of China; Center for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Research, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (Special Administrative Region), People's Republic of China;
Florence CheungCenter for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Research, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (Special Administrative Region), People's Republic of China; Department of Pathology, University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, 518048 Shenzhen, People's Republic of China;
Dora Lai-Wan KwongDepartment of Clinical Oncology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (Special Administrative Region), People's Republic of China; Center for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Research, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (Special Administrative Region), People's Republic of China;
Roger Kai Cheong NganCenter for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Research, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (Special Administrative Region), People's Republic of China; Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong (Special Administrative Region), People's Republic of China;
Wai Tong NgCenter for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Research, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (Special Administrative Region), People's Republic of China; Department of Clinical Oncology, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong (Special Administrative Region), People's Republic of China;
Chun Chung YauCenter for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Research, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (Special Administrative Region), People's Republic of China; Department of Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong (Special Administrative Region), People's Republic of China;
Jianji PanFujian Provincial Cancer Hospital and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Medicine (Fujian Provincial Cancer Hospital, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital), 350011 Fuzhou, People's Republic of China;
Xun PengDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, 515041 Shantou, People's Republic of China;
Stewart TungCenter for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Research, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (Special Administrative Region), People's Republic of China; Department of Clinical Oncology, Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong (Special Administrative Region), People's Republic of China;
Zengfeng ZhangDepartment of Pathology, Guangxi Medical University, 530021 Guangxi, People's Republic of China;
Mingfang JiCancer Research Institute, Cancer Research Institute of Zhongshan City, 528403 Zhongshan, People's Republic of China;
Alan Kwok-Shing ChiangCenter for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Research, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (Special Administrative Region), People's Republic of China; Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (Special Administrative Region), People's Republic of China.
Anne Wing-Mui LeeDepartment of Clinical Oncology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (Special Administrative Region), People's Republic of China; Center for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Research, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (Special Administrative Region), People's Republic of China;
Victor Ho-Fun LeeDepartment of Clinical Oncology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (Special Administrative Region), People's Republic of China; Center for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Research, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (Special Administrative Region), People's Republic of China;
Ka-On LamDepartment of Clinical Oncology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (Special Administrative Region), People's Republic of China; Center for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Research, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (Special Administrative Region), People's Republic of China;
Kwok Hung AuCenter for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Research, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (Special Administrative Region), People's Republic of China; Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong (Special Administrative Region), People's Republic of China;
Hoi Ching ChengDepartment of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong (Special Administrative Region), People's Republic of China;
Harry Ho-Yin YiuDepartment of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong (Special Administrative Region), People's Republic of China;
Maria Li LungDepartment of Clinical Oncology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (Special Administrative Region), People's Republic of China; Center for Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Research, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong (Special Administrative Region), People's Republic of China; mlilung@hku.hk.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Multiple factors, including host genetics, environmental factors, and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, contribute to nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) development. To identify genetic susceptibility genes for NPC, a whole-exome sequencing (WES) study was performed in 161 NPC cases and 895 controls of Southern Chinese descent. The gene-based burden test discovered an association between macrophage-stimulating 1 receptor (MST1R) and NPC. We identified 13 independent cases carrying the MST1R pathogenic heterozygous germ-line variants, and 53.8% of these cases were diagnosed with NPC aged at or even younger than 20 y, indicating that MST1R germline variants are relevant to disease early-age onset (EAO) (age of ≤20 y). In total, five MST1R missense variants were found in EAO cases but were rare in controls (EAO vs. control, 17.9% vs. 1.2%, P = 7.94 × 10(-12)). The validation study, including 2,160 cases and 2,433 controls, showed that the MST1R variant c.G917A:p.R306H is highly associated with NPC (odds ratio of 9.0). MST1R is predominantly expressed in the tissue-resident macrophages and is critical for innate immunity that protects organs from tissue damage and inflammation. Importantly, MST1R expression is detected in the ciliated epithelial cells in normal nasopharyngeal mucosa and plays a role in the cilia motility important for host defense. Although no somatic mutation of MST1R was identified in the sporadic NPC tumors, copy number alterations and promoter hypermethylation at MST1R were often observed. Our findings provide new insights into the pathogenesis of NPC by highlighting the involvement of the MST1R-mediated signaling pathways.

Indexed as

ExomeGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseSequence AnalysisAdolescentAdultCarcinomaCase-Control StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedNasopharyngeal CarcinomaNasopharyngeal NeoplasmsReceptor Protein-Tyrosine KinasesYoung AdultReceptor Protein-Tyrosine KinasesRON proteincancer susceptibility genesearly-age onsetMST1Rnasopharyngeal carcinomawhole-exome sequencing

Identifiers

PMID26951679
PMCPMC4812767

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.