ReviewJournal of general internal medicine2016
Vitamin D: A Narrative Review Examining the Evidence for Ten Beliefs.
Review in Journal of general internal medicine, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Osteoporosis in rheumatoid arthritis: a new perspective on risk factors and clinical prediction models.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2026Review
- Article
- Development of a predictive scoring system for vitamin D deficiency 'Vitamin D Deficiency Predicting Scoring (ViDDPreS)' based on the vitamin D status in young Japanese women: a nationwide cross-sectional study.Public health nutrition · 2024Article
- Associations between Chronic Medical Conditions and Persistent Dietary Supplement Use: The US Military Dietary Supplement Use Study.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Review
- The effect of zoledronic acid and high-dose vitamin D on function after hip fractures. A prospective cohort study.European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie · 2022Article
- Vitamin D supplementation is associated with slower epigenetic aging.GeroScience · 2022Article
- Development of a predictive model for vitamin D deficiency based on the vitamin D status in young Japanese women: A study protocol.PloS one · 2022Article
- Association of changes in lipid levels with changes in vitamin D levels in a real-world setting.Scientific reports · 2021Observational
- The role of vitamin D in autoimmune diseases: could sex make the difference?Biology of sex differences · 2021Review
- The evident and the hidden factors of vitamin D status in older people during COVID-19 pandemic.Nutrire : revista de Sociedade Brasileira de Alimentacao e Nutricao = journal of the Brazilian Society of Food and Nutrition · 2021Review
- Insufficiency of B vitamins with its possible clinical implications.Journal of clinical biochemistry and nutrition · 2020Review
- Dietary Habits and Nutrition in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Can Diet Influence Disease Development and Clinical Manifestations?Nutrients · 2020Review
- Vitamin D, Autoimmune Disease and Rheumatoid Arthritis.Calcified tissue international · 2020Review
- Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and mortality risk in patients with liver cirrhosis: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.Systematic reviews · 2019Article
- Photobiomodulation: lasers vs. light emitting diodes?Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology · 2018Article
- The Engagement Between Vitamin D and the Immune System: Is Consolidation by a Marriage to Be Expected?EBioMedicine · 2018Article
- Vitamin D: Ten Beliefs.Journal of general internal medicine · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Commented on by
- Commented on by
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Over the past decade, a large body of observational evidence has suggested an association between lower vitamin D status (25-hydroxyvitamin D) and multiple acute and chronic disorders, including cancer, multiple sclerosis, depression and respiratory tract infections. This evidence has fostered the hypothesis that increasing vitamin D intake may treat and prevent such disorders. Our objective was to perform a critical analysis of the highest-level evidence for ten common beliefs regarding vitamin D for the prevention of falls, fractures and respiratory tract infections, the reduction of cancer incidence/mortality and overall mortality, and the prevention or treatment of depression/mental well-being, rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis, as well as maximum dosing and regular testing. We searched the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and PubMed (up to August 2014) for randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews/meta-analyses based on those studies. All searches were performed, all evidence reviewed and each section written by at least two authors. The evidence shows that vitamin D supplementation provides some benefit in fracture prevention (likely ∼10-15 % relative reduction), particularly at a dose ≥800 IU and with calcium; a likely benefit in the rate of falls, though it is less clear whether the number of fallers changes; and a possible small (∼5 %) relative reduction in mortality. Evidence does not support the use of vitamin D supplementation for the prevention of cancer, respiratory infections or rheumatoid arthritis. Similarly, evidence does not support vitamin D supplementation for the treatment of multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis or for improving depression/mental well-being. Regular testing of 25-hydroxyvitamin D is generally not required, and mega-doses (≥300,000 IU) appear to increase harms. Much of the evidence is at high risk of bias, with multiple flaws, including analyses of secondary endpoints, small and underpowered studies, inconsistent results and numerous other issues. Therefore, enthusiasm for a vitamin D panacea should be tempered.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.