ReviewNature reviews. Clinical oncology2016
Immunotherapy and stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (ISABR): a curative approach?
Review in Nature reviews. Clinical oncology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 7 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 250 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
SBRT in Multi-metastatic NSCLC Patients Which Are Pan-negative for Driver Mutations
Multi-center Phase I Study of Sintilimab in Combination With Radiotherapy in Treatment Naive PD-L1 Positive Stage IV Non-small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)
Sequential TransArterial Chemoembolization and Stereotactic RadioTherapy Followed by ImmunoTherapy for Downstaging Hepatocellular Carcinoma for Hepatectomy (START-FIT)
A Multicentre Single Arm Phase II Trial Assessing the Efficacy of Immunotherapy, Chemotherapy and Stereotactic Radiotherapy to Metastases Followed by Definitive Surgery or Radiotherapy to the Primary Tumour, in Patients With Synchronous Oligo-metastatic Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Phase I Study of Low Dose Radiotherapy and Concurrent SBRT in Combination With PD-1 Inhibitors in Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) .
Exploratory Phase II Clinical Study of Toripalimab Plus Radiotherapy Versus Toripalimab Plus Chemotherapy for the Neoadjuvant Treatment of Operable Stage II-IIIA (N+) Non-small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)
Plasma Biomarker in Predicting Response and Toxicity in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Treated With Checkpoint Inhibitors With or Without Sterotatic Body Radiotherapy
Who cites it
250 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 415 citations in OpenAlex.
- Non-targeted effects of stereotactic radiotherapy: a review of the evidence coming from the clinical field.Exploration of targeted anti-tumor therapy · 2025Pooled it
- The role of stereotactic radiotherapy in addition to immunotherapy in the management of melanoma brain metastases: results of a systematic review.La Radiologia medica · 2022Pooled it
- Immune Checkpoints Inhibitors and SRS/SBRT Synergy in Metastatic Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer and Melanoma: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Pooled it
- Safety and Efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors combined with radiotherapy in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Cancer medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Optimizing the Treatment Schedule of Radiotherapy Combined With Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 Immunotherapy in Metastatic Cancers.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Pooled it
- Causal AI-based clinical and radiomic analysis for optimizing patient selection in combined immunotherapy and SABR in early-stage NSCLC: a secondary analysis of the phase II I-SABR trial.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Trial
- Phase I/II study of BMS-986156 with ipilimumab or nivolumab with or without stereotactic ablative radiotherapy in patients with advanced solid malignancies.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2024Trial
- Sintilimab in combination with stereotactic body radiotherapy and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in metastatic non-small cell lung cancer: The multicenter SWORD phase 2 trial.Nature communications · 2024Trial
- Hypofractionated radiotherapy plus PD-1 antibody and SOX chemotherapy as second-line therapy in metastatic pancreatic cancer: a single-arm, phase II clinical trial.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2024Trial
- Stereotactic ablative radiotherapy with or without immunotherapy for early-stage or isolated lung parenchymal recurrent node-negative non-small-cell lung cancer: an open-label, randomised, phase 2 trial.Lancet (London, England) · 2023Trial
- PD-1 Inhibitor Combined With Radiotherapy and GM-CSF (PRaG) in Patients With Metastatic Solid Tumors: An Open-Label Phase II Study.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Trial
- Outcome and Immune Correlates of a Phase II Trial of High-Dose Interleukin-2 and Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy for Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2021Trial
- Stereotactic ablative radiotherapy for operable stage I non-small-cell lung cancer (revised STARS): long-term results of a single-arm, prospective trial with prespecified comparison to surgery.The Lancet. Oncology · 2021Trial
- Sintilimab, stereotactic body radiotherapy and granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor as second-line therapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer: safety run-in results of a multicenter, single-arm, phase II trial.Radiation oncology (London, England) · 2021Trial
- Stereotactic Radiosurgery to Prevent Local Recurrence of Brain Metastasis After Surgery: Neoadjuvant Versus Adjuvant.Acta neurochirurgica. Supplement · 2021Trial
- Outcomes of Hypofractional Tomotherapy in Patients with Stage III Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer Who Are Not Eligible for Surgery or Concurrent Chemoradiation.BioMed research international · 2020Trial
- Radiotherapy-induced abscopal effects in immune checkpoint inhibitor-refractory metastatic disease: results from a large multicenter real-world cohort study.Oncoimmunology · 2026Article
- Article
- SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccination Improved Survival in NSCLC Treated With Radiotherapy.Journal of thoracic oncology : official publication of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer · 2026Article
- Carbon ion irradiation at a clinically used dose rewires super-enhancers to drive necroptosis and systemic immunity.Science advances · 2026Article
190 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Conventional radiotherapy, in addition to its well-established tumoricidal effects, can also activate the host immune system. Radiation therapy modulates tumour phenotypes, enhances antigen presentation and tumour immunogenicity, increases production of cytokines and alters the tumour microenvironment, enabling destruction of the tumour by the immune system. Investigating the combination of radiotherapy with immunotherapeutic agents, which also promote the host antitumour immune response is, therefore, a logical progression. As the spectrum of clinical use of stereotactic radiotherapy continues to broaden, the question arose as to whether the ablative radiation doses used can also stimulate immune responses and, if so, whether we can amplify these effects by combining immunotherapy and stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR). In this Perspectives article, we explore the preclinical and clinical evidence supporting activation of the immune system following SABR. We then examine studies that provide data on the effectiveness of combining these two techniques - immunotherapy and SABR - in an approach that we have termed 'ISABR'. Lastly, we provide general guiding principles for the development of future clinical trials to investigate the efficacy of ISABR in the hope of generating further interest in these exciting developments.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.