Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26950197›Full record

ArticleOphthalmic epidemiology2016

Risk Factors for Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy in African Americans with Type 2 Diabetes.

Alan Penman, Heather Hancock, Evangelia Papavasileiou, Maurice James, Omolola Idowu, Daniel M Riche, Marlene Fernandez, Stacey Brauner, Sataria O Smith, Suzanne Hoadley and 7 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Ophthalmic epidemiology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed
4.3field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 37 citations in OpenAlex.

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  14. Observational
  15. Vascular changes in diabetic retinopathy-a longitudinal study in the Nile rat.Laboratory investigation; a journal of technical methods and pathology · 2019
    Article
  16. Observational
  17. Venous beading in two or more quadrants might not be a sensitive grading criterion for severe nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2018
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors at 7 institutions in 1 country.

Alan Penmana Department of Medicine , University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson , MS , USA.
Heather Hancockc Department of Ophthalmology , University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson , MS , USA.
Evangelia Papavasileioud Department of Ophthalmology , Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary , Boston , MA , USA.
Maurice Jamese Department of Ophthalmology , St Dominic's Hospital , Jackson , MS , USA.
Omolola Idowuc Department of Ophthalmology , University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson , MS , USA.
Daniel M Richea Department of Medicine , University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson , MS , USA.
Marlene Fernandezf Center for Human Genetic Research , Massachusetts General Hospital , Boston , MA , USA.
Stacey Braunerd Department of Ophthalmology , Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary , Boston , MA , USA.
Sataria O Smithc Department of Ophthalmology , University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson , MS , USA.
Suzanne Hoadleyc Department of Ophthalmology , University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson , MS , USA.
Cole Richardsonc Department of Ophthalmology , University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson , MS , USA.
Vanessa Vazquezg Department of Ophthalmology , Boston Medical Center , Boston , MA , USA.
Cheryl Chig Department of Ophthalmology , Boston Medical Center , Boston , MA , USA.
Christopher Andreolih Visual Services Department , Harvard Vanguard Medical Associates , Boston , MA , USA.
Deeba Husaind Department of Ophthalmology , Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary , Boston , MA , USA.
Ching J Chenc Department of Ophthalmology , University of Mississippi Medical Center , Jackson , MS , USA.
Lucia Sobrini Harvard Medical School , Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary , Boston , MA , USA.
University of Mississippi Medical Center · USJackson Memorial Hospital · USBoston Medical Center · USHarvard University · USMassachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary · USHarvard Vanguard Medical Associates · USMassachusetts General Hospital · US

Funding

Mass Eye and Ear-Vision Clinical Scientist Development ProgramK12EY016335 · NEI · MASSACHUSETTS EYE AND EAR INFIRMARY · PI Reza Dana · 2004 to 2026
$12.3M
NEI NIH HHS K12 EY016335NEI NIH HHS K12-EY16335
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo assess personal and demographic risk factors for proliferative diabetic retinopathy in African Americans with type 2 diabetes.

methodsIn this prospective, non-interventional, cross-sectional case-control study, 380 African Americans with type 2 diabetes were enrolled. Participants were recruited prospectively and had to have either: (1) absence of diabetic retinopathy after ≥10 years of type 2 diabetes, or (2) presence of proliferative diabetic retinopathy when enrolled. Dilated, 7-field fundus photographs were graded using the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study scale. Covariates including hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C), blood pressure, height, weight and waist circumference were collected prospectively. Multivariate regression models adjusted for age, sex and site were constructed to assess associations between risk factors and proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

resultsProliferative diabetic retinopathy was associated with longer duration of diabetes (odds ratio, OR, 1.62, p < 0.001), higher systolic blood pressure (OR 1.65, p < 0.001) and insulin use (OR 6.65, p < 0.001) in the multivariate regression analysis. HbA1C was associated with proliferative diabetic retinopathy in the univariate analysis (OR 1.31, p = 0.002) but was no longer significant in the multivariate analysis.

conclusionsIn this case-control study of African Americans with type 2 diabetes, duration of diabetes, systolic hypertension and insulin use were strong risk factors for the development of proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Interestingly, HbA1C did not confer additional risk in this cohort.

Indexed as

AgedBlack or African AmericanBlood GlucoseBlood PressureBody Weights and MeasuresCase-Control StudiesDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Diabetic RetinopathyFemaleGlycated HemoglobinHumansMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesRisk FactorsBlood GlucoseGlycated Hemoglobinhemoglobin A1c protein, humanAfrican Americansdiabetic retinopathyproliferative diabetic retinopathyrisk factorstype 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID26950197
PMCPMC4851860
OpenAlexW2293615809

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.