Observational studyMedicine2016
Environmental and Occupational Lead Exposure Among Children in Cairo, Egypt: A Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study.
Observational study in Medicine, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exposure to heavy metals and red blood cell parameters in children: A systematic review of observational studies.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022Pooled it
- Trial
- Adapting, piloting, and evaluating a pediatric lead screening and risk-reduction intervention in Nairobi: A hybrid implementation-effectiveness trial protocol.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Blood lead levels in children and soil lead contamination in a former mining area in Germany.Environmental epidemiology (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2026Article
- Lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) blood levels and potential hematological health risk among inhabitants of the claimed hazardous region around Qaroun Lake in Egypt.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Comparison of Blood Lead Levels in Children and Adolescents with and without Functional Abdominal Pain.Advanced biomedical research · 2023Article
- Exposure and health risk assessment from consumption of Pb contaminated water in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.Heliyon · 2021Article
- Prevalence of lead toxicity in adolescents in Kuwait.BMC public health · 2021Article
- The Health Impacts of Hazardous Chemical Exposures among Child Labourers in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Review
- Maternal Δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase 1-2 genotype enhances fetal lead exposure and increases the susceptibility to the development of cerebral palsy.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2020Article
- Heavy metal contents of selected commercially available oil-based house paints intended for residential use in Ethiopia.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2020Article
- Biomonitoring of metals and trace elements in urine of central Ethiopian populations.International journal of hygiene and environmental health · 2019Article
- Retrospection on the Role of Soluble Guanylate Cyclase in Parkinson's Disease.Journal of pharmacology & pharmacotherapeuticsReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess childhood lead exposure in a representative sample of Cairo, and to investigate the possible risk factors and sources of exposure. This cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2014 through April 2015. The target population was children aged 6 to 18 years, recruited into 4 groups, garbage city, moderate-living standard area, urban and suburban schools, and workshops in the city of Cairo. Blood lead levels (BLLs) and hemoglobin (Hb) concentrations were measured. Also, potential local environmental sources were assessed for hazardous lead contamination. Analysis on 400 participants has been carried out. A total of 113 children had BLLs in the range 10 to 20 μg/dL. Smoking fathers, housing conditions, playing outdoors, and exposure to lead in residential areas were significantly correlated with high BLLs. The mean values of hemoglobin were inversely correlated with BLLs. Children involved in pottery workshops had the highest BLLs and the lowest Hb values with a mean of (43.3 μg/dL and 8.6 g/dL, respectively). The mean value of environmental lead in workshop areas exceeded the recommended levels. Also, those values measured in dust and paint samples of garbage city were significantly high. Moreover, the mean lead levels in the soil samples were significantly higher in urban schools (P = 0.03) than the suburban ones. Childhood lead poisoning accounts for a substantial burden in Egypt, which could be preventable. Development of national prevention programs including universal screening program should be designed to reduce incidence of lead toxicity among children.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.