SynthesisMedicine2016
Whole Grain Intake Reduces Pancreatic Cancer Risk: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies.
Synthesis in Medicine, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Diets, Dietary Patterns, Single Foods and Pancreatic Cancer Risk: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Whole Grains, Refined Grains, and Cancer Risk: A Systematic Review of Meta-Analyses of Observational Studies.Nutrients · 2020Pooled it
- Association between whole grain intake and breast cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.Nutrition journal · 2018Pooled it
- Association of whole grain intake with all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis from prospective cohort studies.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2018Pooled it
- Dietary patterns and risk of pancreatic cancer: a systematic review.Nutrition reviews · 2017Pooled it
- Association between whole grain intake and all-cause mortality: a meta-analysis of cohort studies.Oncotarget · 2016Pooled it
- Dietary Factors Associated with Pancreatic Cancer Risk in Minia, Egypt: Principal Component AnalysisAsian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2018Trial
- Low-fat Dietary Pattern and Pancreatic Cancer Risk in the Women's Health Initiative Dietary Modification Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2018Trial
- Should Grain-Based Staple Foods Be Included in Admonitions to "Avoid Processed and Ultra-Processed Food"?Nutrients · 2025Review
- Impact of Dietary Fiber on Inflammation in Humans.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Rye (Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Review
- Humanistic Health Management and Cancer: Associations of Psychology, Nutrition, and Exercise with Cancer Progression and Pathogenesis.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Review
- Overview of the Composition of Whole Grains' Phenolic Acids and Dietary Fibre and Their Effect on Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Review
- Diabetes risk reduction diet and the risk of pancreatic cancer.European journal of nutrition · 2022Article
- Whole grain intake and pancreatic cancer risk.Hepatobiliary surgery and nutrition · 2021Article
- The relationship between rice consumption and glioma: a case-control study in adults.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- The Impact of Whole Grain Intake on Gastrointestinal Tumors: A Focus on Colorectal, Gastric, and Esophageal Cancers.Nutrients · 2020Review
- Grain and dietary fiber intake and bladder cancer risk: a pooled analysis of prospective cohort studies.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2020Article
- Factors Influencing British Adolescents' Intake of Whole Grains: A Pilot Feasibility Study Using SenseCam Assisted Interviews.Nutrients · 2019Article
- Association of whole grain, refined grain, and cereal consumption with gastric cancer risk: A meta-analysis of observational studies.Food science & nutrition · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Mounting evidence from epidemiology studies suggests that whole grain intake may reduce pancreatic cancer risk, but convincing evidence is scarce. We conducted a meta-analysis to assess the association between whole grain intake and pancreatic cancer risk. Relevant observational studies were identified by searching PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane library databases for the period from January 1980 to July 2015, with no restrictions. We calculated the summary odds ratios (ORs) for pancreatic cancer using random-effects model meta-analysis. Between-study heterogeneity was analyzed using the I statistic. A total of 8 studies regarding whole grain intake were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled OR of pancreatic cancer for those with high versus low whole grain intake was 0.76 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.64-0.91; P = 0.002). There was no significant heterogeneity across these studies (I² = 11.7%; Pheterogeneity = 0.339). In the subgroup analysis by geographic area, the summary ORs of developing pancreatic cancer were 0.64 (95% CI, 0.53-0.79; P < 0.001; I ²= 0%; Pheterogeneity = 0.482) in the United States (n = 4) and 0.95 (95% CI, 0.63-1.43; P = 0.803; I ²= 45.6%; Pheterogeneity = 0.175) in Europe (n = 2). In the subgroup analysis by type of whole grain, the summary ORs were 0.72 (95% CI, 0.60-0.87; P = .001; I² = 0; Pheterogeneity = 0.876) for grains (n = 4) and 0.74 (95% CI, 0.27-2.02; P = 0.554; I² = 86.3%; Pheterogeneity = 0.007) for wheat (n = 2). A high intake of whole grains was associated with a reduced risk of pancreatic cancer. Because of the absent of more cohort studies, further prospective studies need to be conducted to ensure conclusions that are more robust.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.