ReviewJournal of the International AIDS Society2016
Elevation and persistence of CD8 T-cells in HIV infection: the Achilles heel in the ART era.
Review in Journal of the International AIDS Society, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 70 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
70 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 114 citations in OpenAlex.
- Adjunct Therapy for CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2021Pooled it
- Standard-Dose Intradermal Influenza Vaccine Elicits Cellular Immune Responses Similar to Those of Intramuscular Vaccine in Men With and Those Without HIV Infection.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2019Trial
- Safety and Impact of Low-dose Methotrexate on Endothelial Function and Inflammation in Individuals With Treated Human Immunodeficiency Virus: AIDS Clinical Trials Group Study A5314.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2019Trial
- Positive Syphilis Serology With Concurrent Disseminated Talaromycosis marneffei in a Patient With HIV: A Case Report.The American journal of case reports · 2026Article
- Serum Interleukin-6 and Interleukin-10 levels in people living with HIV on short-term and long-term antiretroviral therapy: a comparative cross-sectional study with HIV-negative controls.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Long-Term Neurologic Exam Findings in People Diagnosed and Treated During Acute HIV Infection.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2026Article
- Impact of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination on CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte profiles in an HIV-positive and HIV-negative female cohort.Laboratory medicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Glycogen synthase kinase-3 activation and dysregulation of amyloid transport receptors expression and shedding in HIV-induced Alzheimer's disease-like pathology: modulatory effects of CCR5 antagonists.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2025Article
- Dysbiosis modulates CD8iScience · 2025Article
- Early Transcriptomic Signatures of Immune Response Modulation Following Antiretroviral Therapy in HIV-Infected Patients.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- The performance of low HIV viral load values for the diagnosis of acute HIV infection in the Beijing PRIMO cohort.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Identification of Inflammation Markers as Novel Potential Predictors of the HIV-DNA Reservoir Size.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- A map of blood regulatory variation in South Africans enables GWAS interpretation.Nature genetics · 2025Article
- Otolaryngological Manifestations and Associated Biochemical, Hematological, and Immunological Profiles in HIV-Positive Patients in Vietnam.Medical archives (Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina) · 2025Article
- Tissue-Specific DNA Methylation Changes in CD8Viruses · 2024Article
- Dynamics of pulmonary mucosal cytotoxic CD8 T-cells in people living with HIV under suppressive antiretroviral therapy.Respiratory research · 2024Article
- Advanced in immunological monitoring of HIV infection: profile of immune cells and cytokines in people living with HIV-1 in Benin.BMC immunology · 2024Article
- Exploring the association between erythema multiforme and HIV infection: some mechanisms and implications.AIDS research and therapy · 2024Review
- Multiple treatment interruptions and protecting HIV-specific CD4 T cells enable durable CD8 T cell response and viral control.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Article
10 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
introductionHIV infection leads to a disturbed T-cell homeostasis, featured by a depletion of CD4 T-cells and a persistent elevation of CD8 T-cells over disease progression. Most effort of managing HIV infection has been focused on CD4 T-cell recovery, while changes in the CD8 compartment were relatively underappreciated in the past.
methodsA comprehensive literature review of publications in English language was conducted using major electronic databases. Our search was focused on factors contributing to CD8 T-cell dynamics in HIV infection and following antiretroviral therapy (ART). DISCUSSION: Normalization of CD8 counts is seldom observed even with optimal CD4 recovery following long-term treatment. Initiation of ART in primary HIV infection leads to enhanced normalization of CD8 count compared with long-term ART initiated in chronic infection. Importantly, such CD8 elevation in treated HIV infection is associated with an increased risk of inflammatory non-AIDS-related clinical events independent of CD4 T-cell recovery. The mechanisms underlying CD8 persistence remain largely unknown, which may include bystander activation, exhaustion and immunosenescence of CD8 T-cells. The information provided herein will lead to a better understanding of factors associated with CD8 persistence and contribute to the development of strategies aiming at CD8 normalization.
conclusionsPersistence of CD8 T-cell elevation in treated HIV-infected patients is associated with an increased risk of non-AIDS-related events. Now that advances in ART have led to decreased AIDS-related opportunistic diseases, more attention has been focused on reducing non-AIDS events and normalizing persistent CD8 T-cell elevation.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.