Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26944272›Full record

SynthesisNeurology2016

Restless legs syndrome associated with major diseases: A systematic review and new concept.

Claudia Trenkwalder, Richard Allen, Birgit Högl, Walter Paulus, Juliane Winkelmann

Open access · bronzeAbstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Neurology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 166 papers, 15 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
166citing papers in PubMed, 15 pooled it
25.5field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

166 citing papers in PubMed, 15 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 356 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  4. Treatment of restless legs syndrome and periodic limb movement disorder: an American Academy of Sleep Medicine clinical practice guideline.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2025
    Guideline
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  15. Association between restless legs syndrome and hypertension: a meta-analysis of nine population-based studies.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2018
    Pooled it
  16. Trial
  17. Ferric carboxymaltose in patients with restless legs syndrome and nonanemic iron deficiency: A randomized trial.Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2017
    Trial
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106 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

  • Commented on by
    2017
5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Claudia TrenkwalderFrom Center of Parkinsonism and Movement Disorders (C.T.), Paracelsus-Elena Hospital, Kassel; Departments of Neurosurgery (C.T.) and Clinical Neurophysiology (W.P.), University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany; Department of Neurology (R.A.), The Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (B.H.), Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria; Institute for Neurogenomic (J.W.), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg; Neurologische Klinik und Poliklinik (J.W.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich; and Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (J.W.), Munich, Germany. trenkwalder@paracelsus-kliniken.de winkelmann@lrz.tu-muenchen.de.
Richard AllenFrom Center of Parkinsonism and Movement Disorders (C.T.), Paracelsus-Elena Hospital, Kassel; Departments of Neurosurgery (C.T.) and Clinical Neurophysiology (W.P.), University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany; Department of Neurology (R.A.), The Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (B.H.), Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria; Institute for Neurogenomic (J.W.), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg; Neurologische Klinik und Poliklinik (J.W.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich; and Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (J.W.), Munich, Germany.
Birgit HöglFrom Center of Parkinsonism and Movement Disorders (C.T.), Paracelsus-Elena Hospital, Kassel; Departments of Neurosurgery (C.T.) and Clinical Neurophysiology (W.P.), University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany; Department of Neurology (R.A.), The Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (B.H.), Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria; Institute for Neurogenomic (J.W.), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg; Neurologische Klinik und Poliklinik (J.W.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich; and Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (J.W.), Munich, Germany.
Walter PaulusFrom Center of Parkinsonism and Movement Disorders (C.T.), Paracelsus-Elena Hospital, Kassel; Departments of Neurosurgery (C.T.) and Clinical Neurophysiology (W.P.), University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany; Department of Neurology (R.A.), The Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (B.H.), Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria; Institute for Neurogenomic (J.W.), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg; Neurologische Klinik und Poliklinik (J.W.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich; and Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (J.W.), Munich, Germany.
Juliane WinkelmannFrom Center of Parkinsonism and Movement Disorders (C.T.), Paracelsus-Elena Hospital, Kassel; Departments of Neurosurgery (C.T.) and Clinical Neurophysiology (W.P.), University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany; Department of Neurology (R.A.), The Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, MD; Department of Neurology (B.H.), Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria; Institute for Neurogenomic (J.W.), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg; Neurologische Klinik und Poliklinik (J.W.), Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich; and Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy) (J.W.), Munich, Germany. trenkwalder@paracelsus-kliniken.de winkelmann@lrz.tu-muenchen.de.
Universität Innsbruck · ATInnsbruck Medical University · AT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Recent publications on both the genetics and environmental factors of restless legs syndrome (RLS) defined as a clinical disorder suggest that overlapping genetic risk factors may play a role in primary (idiopathic) and secondary (symptomatic) RLS. Following a systematic literature search of RLS associated with comorbidities, we identified an increased prevalence of RLS only in iron deficiency and kidney disease. In cardiovascular disease, arterial hypertension, diabetes, migraine, and Parkinson disease, the methodology of studies was poor, but an association might be possible. There is insufficient evidence for conditions such as anemia (without iron deficiency), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, multiple sclerosis, headache, stroke, narcolepsy, and ataxias. Based on possible gene-microenvironmental interaction, the classifications primary and secondary RLS may suggest an inappropriate causal relation. We recognize that in some conditions, treatment of the underlying disease should be achieved as far as possible to reduce or eliminate RLS symptoms. RLS might be seen as a continuous spectrum with a major genetic contribution at one end and a major environmental or comorbid disease contribution at the other.

Indexed as

ComorbidityRestless Legs SyndromeHumans

Identifiers

PMID26944272
PMCPMC4826337
OpenAlexW2296422748

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.