ArticleOncotarget2016
Inhibition of estrogen biosynthesis enhances lymphoma growth in mice.
Article in Oncotarget, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Classic hodgkin lymphoma associated with Epstein-Barr virus reactivation during vedolizumab therapy for ulcerative colitis.Clinical journal of gastroenterology · 2026Article
- Possible role of anastrozole-induced hormonal alterations in pathogenesis of mammary apocrine carcinoma and follicular lymphoma: a case report and review of the literature.Journal of medical case reports · 2025Review
- Major impact of prognosis by age and sex in patients with primary mediastinal large B‑cell lymphoma.Oncology letters · 2024Article
- Androgen deprivation therapy caused a drastic proliferation of B-cell lymphoma with IgG4-related disease in patients with prostate cancer: a case report.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2023Article
- Sex- and Female Age-Dependent Differences in Gene Expression in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma-Possible Estrogen Effects.Cancers · 2023Article
- Role of estrogen receptor signaling pathway-related genes in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and identification of key targetsFrontiers in oncology · 2022Article
- Risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in breast cancer survivors: a nationwide cohort study.Blood cancer journal · 2021Article
- Reproductive Factors, Exogenous Hormone Use, and Risk of B-Cell Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma in a Cohort of Women From the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition.American journal of epidemiology · 2019Article
- Suppression of lymphoma growth by the xenoestrogens bisphenol A and genistein.Endocrine connections · 2018Article
- Demographic risk factors for lymphoma in Australian dogs: 6201 cases.Journal of veterinary internal medicine · 2018Article
- Sex-dependent association of circulating sex steroids and pituitary hormones with treatment-free survival in chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients.Annals of hematology · 2018Article
- Radiation therapy for primary breast lymphoma in male gynecomastia: a rare case report and review of the literature.International journal of hematology · 2016Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Most lymphomas show higher incidence and poorer prognosis in males compared to females. However, the endocrine contribution to this gender difference is not entirely known. Here we show that castration accelerates lymphoma growth in C57BL6 male mice grafted with murine EG7 T cell lymphoma cells. However, the androgen receptor antagonist Bicalutamide did not affect lymphoma growth, suggesting no impact of androgen receptor signaling on lymphoma progression. In contrast, inhibition of androgen-to-estrogen conversion by the aromatase inhibitor (AI) Letrozole induced faster lymphoma growth in mice, suggesting that androgens impact lymphoma growth through its conversion to estrogens. This was supported by the inability of dihydrotestosterone, which is not converted to estrogens by aromatase, to influence lymphoma growth in castrated male mice. Lymphoma growth was also stimulated in immunocompromised mice grafted with human B cell lymphoma (Granta-519) and treated with either reversible or irreversible AIs, showing that the blockage of estrogen synthesis caused enhanced growth of both murine T and human B cell lymphomas and with different AIs. Additionally, AI-treated EG7 lymphomas showed accelerated growth not only in male but also in intact female mice. Altogether, our results demonstrate that aromatase inhibition accelerates lymphoma growth but not androgens per se, highlighting a protective role of estrogens in lymphoma pathogenesis. These results also raise concern that the use of AIs in women with breast cancer might enhance lymphoma progression.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.