ArticleJournal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN2016
Polymorphisms in α-Defensin-Encoding DEFA1A3 Associate with Urinary Tract Infection Risk in Children with Vesicoureteral Reflux.
Article in Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Systematic Review of the (Un)known Host Immune Response Biomarkers for Predicting Recurrence of Urinary Tract Infection.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Long-term antibiotics for preventing recurrent urinary tract infection in children.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Pooled it
- Interventions for primary vesicoureteric reflux.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Pooled it
- Trial
- Urinary tract infections in children.Nature reviews. Urology · 2026Review
- Urobiome composition varies with vesicoureteral reflux grade and history of febrile urinary tract infection.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-ProducingAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Extracellular vesicle proteomics identify neutrophils as potential mediators of bladder radiotoxicity in prostate cancer.Cancer letters · 2025Article
- Digital droplet PCR is an accurate and precise method to measure DNA copy number.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Establishment of Baseline Urinary Antimicrobial Peptide Levels by Age: A Prospective Observational Study.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2024Observational
- Article
- Insulin receptor signaling engages bladder urothelial defenses that limit urinary tract infection.Cell reports · 2024Article
- Intercalated cell function, kidney innate immunity, and urinary tract infections.Pflugers Archiv : European journal of physiology · 2024Review
- A Common Polymorphism inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Generation ofAmerican journal of physiology. Renal physiology · 2023Article
- Uropathogen and host responses in pyelonephritis.Nature reviews. Nephrology · 2023Review
- Immune defenses in the urinary tract.Trends in immunology · 2023Review
- Gut Leakage Markers and Cognitive Functions in Patients with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Human neutrophil peptides 1-3 protect the murine urinary tract from uropathogenicProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Article
- Ribonuclease 7 polymorphism rs1263872 reduces antimicrobial activity and associates with pediatric urinary tract infections.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
19 authors at 9 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The contribution of genetic variation to urinary tract infection (UTI) risk in children with vesicoureteral reflux is largely unknown. The innate immune system, which includes antimicrobial peptides, such as the α-defensins, encoded by DEFA1A3, is important in preventing UTIs but has not been investigated in the vesicoureteral reflux population. We used quantitative real-time PCR to determine DEFA1A3 DNA copy numbers in 298 individuals with confirmed UTIs and vesicoureteral reflux from the Randomized Intervention for Children with Vesicoureteral Reflux (RIVUR) Study and 295 controls, and we correlated copy numbers with outcomes. Outcomes studied included reflux grade, UTIs during the study on placebo or antibiotics, bowel and bladder dysfunction, and renal scarring. Overall, 29% of patients and 16% of controls had less than or equal to five copies of DEFA1A3 (odds ratio, 2.09; 95% confidence interval, 1.40 to 3.11; P<0.001). For each additional copy of DEFA1A3, the odds of recurrent UTI in patients receiving antibiotic prophylaxis decreased by 47% when adjusting for vesicoureteral reflux grade and bowel and bladder dysfunction. In patients receiving placebo, DEFA1A3 copy number did not associate with risk of recurrent UTI. Notably, we found that DEFA1A3 is expressed in renal epithelium and not restricted to myeloid-derived cells, such as neutrophils. In conclusion, low DEFA1A3 copy number associated with recurrent UTIs in subjects in the RIVUR Study randomized to prophylactic antibiotics, providing evidence that copy number polymorphisms in an antimicrobial peptide associate with UTI risk.
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Registered trials
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