Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26939875›Full record

Trial reportModern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc2016

Disease-specific survival of patients with invasive cribriform and intraductal prostate cancer at diagnostic biopsy.

Charlotte F Kweldam, Intan P Kümmerlin, Daan Nieboer, Esther I Verhoef, Ewout W Steyerberg, Theodorus H van der Kwast, Monique J Roobol, Geert J van Leenders

Open access · bronzeAbstract readMulticenter StudyRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Modern pathology : an official journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 104 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
104citing papers in PubMed
19.2field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

104 citing papers in PubMed, 222 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
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  14. Prostate Cancer: Etiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment.Serican journal of medicine · 2026
    Article
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Current grading of prostate cancer.Pathologie (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2025
    Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

44 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Charlotte F KweldamDepartment of Pathology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Intan P KümmerlinDepartment of Pathology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Daan NieboerDepartment of Public Health, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Esther I VerhoefDepartment of Pathology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Ewout W SteyerbergDepartment of Public Health, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Theodorus H van der KwastLaboratory Medicine Program, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Monique J RoobolDepartment of Urology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Geert J van LeendersDepartment of Pathology, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Erasmus University Rotterdam · NLUniversity Health Network · CA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Invasive cribriform and intraductal carcinoma in radical prostatectomy specimens have been associated with an adverse clinical outcome. Our objective was to determine the prognostic value of invasive cribriform and intraductal carcinoma in pre-treatment biopsies on time to disease-specific death. We pathologically revised the diagnostic biopsies of 1031 patients from the first screening round of the European Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer (1993-2000). Ninety percent of all patients (n=923) had received active treatment, whereas 10% (n=108) had been followed by watchful waiting. The median follow-up was 13 years. Patients who either had invasive cribriform growth pattern or intraductal carcinoma were categorized as CR/IDC+. The outcome was disease-specific survival. Relationships with outcome were analyzed using multivariable Cox regression and log-rank analysis. In total, 486 patients had Gleason score 6 (47%) and 545 had ≥7 (53%). The 15-year disease-specific-survival probabilities were 99% in Gleason score 6 (n=486), 94% in CR/IDC- Gleason score ≥7 (n=356) and 67% in CR/IDC+ Gleason score ≥7 (n=189). CR/IDC- Gleason score 3+4=7 patients did not have statistically different survival probabilities from those with Gleason score 6 (P=0.30), while CR/IDC+ Gleason score 3+4=7 patients did (P<0.001). In multivariable analysis, CR/IDC+ status was independently associated with a poorer disease-specific survival (HR 2.6, 95% CI 1.4-4.8, P=0.002). We conclude that CR/IDC+ status in prostate cancer biopsies is associated with a worse disease-specific survival. Our findings indicate that men with biopsy CR/IDC- Gleason score 3+4=7 prostate cancer could be candidates for active surveillance, as these patients have similar survival probabilities to those with Gleason score 6.

Indexed as

AdenocarcinomaAgedBiopsyChi-Square DistributionDisease-Free SurvivalEuropeHumansKaplan-Meier EstimateMaleMiddle AgedMultivariate AnalysisNeoplasm GradingNeoplasm InvasivenessPredictive Value of TestsProportional Hazards ModelsProstatic Neoplasms

Identifiers

PMID26939875
OpenAlexW2291213698

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.