ArticleGut microbes2016
The LT1 and LT2 variants of the enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) heat-labile toxin (LT) are associated with major ETEC lineages.
Article in Gut microbes, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genotypic Diversity and Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles of Multidrug-ResistantInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Selection, Comparative Genomics, and Potential Probiotic Features of Escherichia coli 5C, a pks-Negative Strain Isolated from Healthy Infant Donor Feces.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Article
- Site-Specific Analysis of the Incidence Rate of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Infection Elucidates an Association with Childhood Stunting, Wasting, and Being Underweight: A Secondary Analysis of the MAL-ED Birth Cohort.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2023Article
- ABToxins · 2022Review
- Novel Type II Heat-Labile Enterotoxin Produced by Human Disease Outbreak Isolates ofOpen forum infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Human Mucosal IgA Immune Responses against EnterotoxigenicPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Strain-specific transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation of heat-labile toxin expression by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli.Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2020Article
- Association between enteropathogens and malnutrition in children aged 6-23 mo in Bangladesh: a case-control study.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2017Article
- Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli.Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2016Review
- Multi-targeted properties of the probioticGut microbesArticle
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The heat-labile toxin (LT) is one of the major virulence factors of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC). We recently described that 20 polymorphic LT variants are present in ETEC strains isolated globally. Two of the variants, LT1 and LT2, are particularly common and we found that they were associated with clonal ETEC lineages that express the colonization factors (CFs), CFA/I, CS1+CS3, CS2+CS3, and CS5+CS6. ETEC expressing these CFs are frequently found among ETEC strains isolated from cases with diarrhea. ETEC expressing the colonization factors CS1+CS3, and CS2+CS3 are found in 2 discrete clonal lineages and express the LT1 variant and heat stable toxin (STh). Although they clearly are virulent they neither produce, nor secrete, high amounts of LT toxin. On the other hand ETEC strains expressing LT, STh, CFA/I and LT, STh, CS5+CS6, carry the LT2 variant and produce and secrete significantly more LT toxin. Despite differences in toxin production, LT1 and LT2 are found in ETEC lineages that have managed to spread globally confirming that these variants are important for ETEC virulence.
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