ArticleScientific reports2016
Dust Rains Deliver Diverse Assemblages of Microorganisms to the Eastern Mediterranean.
Article in Scientific reports, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Infectious Diseases Associated with Desert Dust Outbreaks: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Weather conditions structure the taxonomic and functional diversity of the aeolian dust microbiome.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- The influence of environmental factors on the diversity and structure of airborne fungal and bacterial communities.Mycology · 2026Review
- Airborne microorganisms in muddy rain: microbe-mineral interactions and their ecosystem impact.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Succession of Fungal Community during Outdoor Deterioration of Round Bamboo.Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Systematic Analysis of Impact of Sampling Regions and Storage Methods on Fecal Gut Microbiome and Metabolome Profiles.mSphere · 2020Article
- Air Microbiome and Pollution: Composition and Potential Effects on Human Health, Including SARS Coronavirus Infection.Journal of environmental and public health · 2020Review
- Taxonomic diversity of fungi deposited from the atmosphere.The ISME journal · 2018Article
- AMycology · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Dust rains may be particularly effective at delivering microorganisms, yet their biodiversities have been seldom examined. During 2011 and 2012 in Beirut, Lebanon, 16 of 21 collected rainfalls appeared dusty. Trajectory modelling of air mass origins was consistent with North African sources and at least one Southwest Asian source. As much as ~4 g particulate matter, ~20 μg DNA, and 50 million colony forming units were found deposited per square meter during rainfalls each lasting less than one day. Sequencing of 93 bacteria and 25 fungi cultured from rain samples revealed diverse bacterial phyla, both Gram positive and negative, and Ascomycota fungi. Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis of amplified 16S rDNA of 13 rains revealed distinct and diverse assemblages of bacteria. Dust rain 16S libraries yielded 131 sequences matching, in decreasing order of abundance, Betaproteobacteria, Alphaproteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Cyanobacteria, Epsilonproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, and Deltaproteobacteria. Clean rain 16S libraries yielded 33 sequences matching only Betaproteobacteria family Oxalobacteraceae. Microbial composition varied between dust rains, and more diverse and different microbes were found in dust rains than clean rains. These results show that dust rains deliver diverse communities of microorganisms that may be complex products of revived desert soil species and fertilized cloud species.
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