Trial reportScientific reports2016
Prevalence, incidence estimations, and risk factors of Toxoplasma gondii infection in Germany: a representative, cross-sectional, serological study.
Trial report in Scientific reports, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 97 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
97 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 224 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review and modelling ofEuro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2025Pooled it
- Seroprevalence of anti-ToxoplasmaIgG among the human population in Indonesia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2025Pooled it
- The global serological prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in felids during the last five decades (1967-2017): a systematic review and meta-analysis.Parasites & vectors · 2020Pooled it
- The association between antibodies to neurotropic pathogens and bipolar disorder : A study in the Dutch Bipolar (DB) Cohort and meta-analysis.Translational psychiatry · 2019Pooled it
- Is there any association between Toxoplasma gondii infection and depression? A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2019Pooled it
- Toxoplasmosis seroprevalence in rheumatoid arthritis patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2018Pooled it
- First use of rapid ICT screening for Toxoplasma in pregnant women in Ethiopia: A multicenter study in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Seroprevalence of Toxoplasmosis in France: First Study in 1,995 Blood Donors.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2026Article
- Concurrent Toxoplasma gondii infection and neuroinflammation in traumatic brain injury patients in a referral hospital in Douala Cameroon.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Evolution ofJournal of parasitology research · 2026Review
- Article
- HumanMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Prevalence of antibodies against rubella virus, cytomegalovirus, hepatitis b, and Toxoplasma gondii in women of reproductive age prior to conception in Iran.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Seroprevalence and Factors Associated with Infection with Toxoplasma gondii in Iquitos and Lima, Peru.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2025Article
- Fallow deer approaching humans are more likely to be seropositive forRoyal Society open science · 2025Article
- Exposure of Eurasian blackbird (International journal for parasitology. Parasites and wildlife · 2025Article
- Seroprevalence and risk factors forParasite epidemiology and control · 2025Review
- Article
- Long-term immune changes after COVID-19 and the effect of BCG vaccination and latent infections on disease severity.Clinical & translational immunology · 2025Article
- Seroprevalence and risk factors associated with toxoplasmosis in nomadic, rural, and urban communities of northwestern Iran.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
37 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Representative data on the extent of endemicity, burden, and risk of human toxoplasmosis are scarce. We assessed the prevalence and determinants of seropositivity of Toxoplasma gondii among adult participants of a nationwide representative cross-sectional survey in Germany. Sera collected from a representative cohort of adults (age 18-79; n = 6,663) in Germany were tested for anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies. Interview-derived data were used to evaluate associated factors. Multivariable logistic regression was applied using sampling weights and accounting for survey design cluster effects. Seroprevalence increased from 20% (95%-CI:17-23%) in the 18-29 age group to 77% (95%-CI:73-81%) in the 70-79 age group. Male gender, keeping cats and BMI ≥30 were independent risk factors for seropositivity, while being vegetarian and high socio-economic status were negatively associated. Based on these data, we estimate 1.1% of adults and 1.3% of women aged 18-49 to seroconvert each year. This implies 6,393 seroconversions annually during pregnancies. We conclude that T. gondii infection in Germany is highly prevalent and that eating habits (consuming raw meat) appear to be of high epidemiological relevance. High numbers of seroconversions during pregnancies pose substantial risks for unborn children. Efforts to raise awareness of toxoplasmosis in public health programs targeting to T. gondii transmission control are therefore strongly advocated.
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