Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26936102›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2016

The Lipid Bilayer Provides a Site for Cortisone Crystallization at High Cortisone Concentrations.

Richard J Alsop, Adree Khondker, Jochen S Hub, Maikel C Rheinstädter

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
3.2field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Richard J AlsopDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Adree KhondkerDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Jochen S HubInstitute for Microbiology and Genetics, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
Maikel C RheinstädterDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
McMaster University · CAUniversity of Göttingen · DE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cortisone is an injected anti-inflammatory drug that can cause painful side effects known as "steroid flares" which are caused by cortisone crystallizing at the injection site. We used molecular dynamics simulations and X-ray diffraction to study the interaction of cortisone with model lipid membranes made of 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC) at drug concentrations from 0 mol% to 50 mol%. Cortisone was found to partition in the lipid bilayer and locate in the hydrophilic to hydrophobic interface of the membranes. Cortisone strongly affects the integrity of the membrane, as quantified by a decreased membrane thickness, increased area per lipid, and decreased lipid tail order parameters. At cortisone concentrations of more than 20 mol%, signals from crystallized cortisone were observed. These crystallites are embedded in the bilayers and orient with the membranes. While the cortisone molecules align parallel to the bilayers at low concentrations, they start to penetrate the hydrophobic core at higher concentrations. Trans-membrane crystallites start to nucleate when the membrane thickness has decreased such that cortisone molecules in the different leaflets can find partners from the opposite leaflet resulting in a non-zero density of cortisone molecules in the bilayer center. We suggest that the lipid bilayer provides a site for cortisone crystallization.

Indexed as

Molecular Dynamics SimulationCortisoneLipid BilayersPhosphatidylcholines1-palmitoyl-2-oleoylphosphatidylcholineCortisoneLipid BilayersPhosphatidylcholines

Identifiers

PMID26936102
PMCPMC4776104
OpenAlexW2289132350

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.