ArticleBioscience reports2016
ATP increases the migration of microglia across the brain endothelial cell monolayer.
Article in Bioscience reports, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Adipose Tissue Engineering Biomaterials: Smart Scaffolds, Vascularization, and Clinical Frontiers.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Regulation of BzATP-Induced Blood-Brain Barrier Endothelial Cell Hyperpermeability by NLRP3 Inflammasome Inhibition.Microcirculation (New York, N.Y. : 1994) · 2025Article
- Pathobiochemistry of Aging and Neurodegeneration: Deregulation of NAD+ Metabolism in Brain Cells.Biomolecules · 2024Review
- Release of Pro-Inflammatory/Angiogenic Factors by Retinal Microvascular Cells Is Mediated by Extracellular Vesicles Derived from M1-Activated Microglia.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
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- Extracellular Alterations in pH and K+ Modify the Murine Brain Endothelial Cell Total and Phospho-Proteome.Pharmaceutics · 2022Article
- A new chapter for a better Bioscience Reports.Bioscience reports · 2021Article
- Activation of proprotein convertase in the mouse habenula causes depressive-like behaviors through remodeling of extracellular matrix.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2021Article
- CD157 and Brain Immune System in (Patho)physiological Conditions: Focus on Brain Plasticity.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- PKM2 regulates endothelial cell junction dynamics and angiogenesis via ATP production.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Human endogenous retrovirus W env increases nitric oxide production and enhances the migration ability of microglia by regulating the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase.Virologica Sinica · 2017Article
- Article
- 2-Chloroethanol Induced Upregulation of Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 in Primary Cultured Rat Astrocytes Via MAPK Signal Pathways.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The cerebral microcapillary endothelium, known as the blood-brain barrier (BBB), acts as a barrier between the blood and the interstitial fluid of the brain. The BBB therefore controls the passage of nutrients into the central nervous system (CNS). Microglia show a specific affinity for migration into the CNS, and this migration appears to occur independently of BBB integrity. To study the migration of microglia across the BBB, we developed an in vitro co-culture system of mouse brain endothelial cells (MBECs) and Ra2 microglia using Transwell inserts. We first investigated the influence of microglia or ATP, a microglial chemotactic factor, on MBEC barrier integrity. The addition of microglia or ATP led to the disruption of the MBEC monolayer and significantly decreased barrier function as measured by trans-endothelial electrical resistance (TEER) and electric cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS). Furthermore, ATP promoted the migration of microglia but not macrophages across the MBEC monolayer. An inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) decreased the transmigration of microglia in our system, indicating that MMPs play a role in microglial chemotaxis. We specifically identify a role for microglia-derived MMP-2. In conclusion, we offer evidence that microglia migration across the brain endothelial cell monolayer is increased in the presence of ATP in a manner that involves MMP secretion.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.