Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26933019›Full record

ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2016

Challenges and Opportunities for Typhoid Fever Control: A Call for Coordinated Action.

A Duncan Steele, Deborah C Hay Burgess, Zoey Diaz, Megan E Carey, Anita K M Zaidi

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
53citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

53 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Case Fatality Rate of Enteric Fever in Endemic Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2018
    Pooled it
  4. Vaccines for preventing typhoid fever.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2018
    Pooled it
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  10. IAPSM's Position Paper on Typhoid Vaccines for Adult Immunization in India.Indian journal of community medicine : official publication of Indian Association of Preventive & Social Medicine · 2024
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

A Duncan SteeleEnteric and Diarrheal Diseases, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, Washington.
Deborah C Hay BurgessEnteric and Diarrheal Diseases, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, Washington.
Zoey DiazEnteric and Diarrheal Diseases, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, Washington.
Megan E CareyEnteric and Diarrheal Diseases, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, Washington.
Anita K M ZaidiEnteric and Diarrheal Diseases, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, Washington.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The burden of enteric fever caused by Salmonella enterica serovars Typhi and Paratyphi is substantial and has high impact in toddlers and young children. This burden is relatively well documented in Asia, and this supplement provides new data on the substantial burden in several sub-Saharan African countries. Challenges in standardized surveillance and imperfect diagnostic tools have resulted in patchy local disease data, which are not well acknowledged or integrated into local country evidence and health awareness for decision making. There is a need to strengthen diagnostics for the generation of burden data in country. Furthermore, the guidelines and training for treatment of enteric fever cases in Africa are sorely needed to help mitigate the inappropriate use of antimicrobial treatment. Classic water safety and access to sanitation development remain powerful tools for the control of typhoid fever, yet the huge economic costs and long timelines are unlikely to provide a short- to middle-term solution. Emerging threats, including multidrug resistance and increasing urbanization in regions such as sub-Saharan Africa, warrant focused attention to shorter-term interventions including immunization, and must include vaccine strategies with the new typhoid conjugate vaccines.

Indexed as

Public Health SurveillanceSalmonella typhiTyphoid FeverTyphoid-Paratyphoid VaccinesVaccines, ConjugateAdolescentAdultAfrica South of the SaharaChildChild, PreschoolDrug Resistance, BacterialGlobal HealthHumansInfantInfant, NewbornYoung AdultTyphoid-Paratyphoid VaccinesVaccines, ConjugateAfricaenteric feverMDRtyphoid conjugate vaccinesWSH

Identifiers

PMID26933019
PMCPMC4772836

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.