ArticleJournal of negative results in biomedicine2016
Comparison of serological methods with PCR-based methods for the diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia caused by atypical bacteria.
Article in Journal of negative results in biomedicine, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- From Conventional Detection to Point-of-care Tests (POCT) Method for Pediatric Respiratory Infections Diagnosis: A Systematic Review.Archives of Iranian medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Etiology of bacterial pneumonia and multi-drug resistance pattern among pneumonia suspected patients in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Comprehensive and innovative post-market surveillance system for atypical respiratory pathogens detecting qPCR panel.PloS one · 2026Article
- Atypical pneumonia (Review).Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2024Review
- Early detection of oral bacteria causing gum infections and dental caries in children.Iranian journal of microbiology · 2024Article
- Clinical and Laboratory Diagnosis of Legionella Pneumonia.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Are ELISA and PCR Discrepancies in the Identification ofMicroorganisms · 2023Article
- Article
- Etiology and the challenge of diagnostic testing of community-acquired pneumonia in children and adolescents.BMC pediatrics · 2022Article
- Article
- Reliable and Sensitive Nested PCR for the Detection ofMicroorganisms · 2021Article
- Approach to Identifying Causative Pathogens of Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Children Using Culture, Molecular, and Serology Tests.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2021Article
- Real-world antibiotic use in treating acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) in China: Evidence from the ACURE study.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Article
- Viral and bacterial coinfection among hospitalized children with respiratory tract infections.American journal of infection control · 2020Article
- Detection ofInfection and drug resistance · 2019Article
- Guideline for Antibiotic Use in Adults with Community-acquired Pneumonia.Infection & chemotherapy · 2018Review
- Serological diagnosis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection by using the mimic epitopes.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2018Article
- Genotyping and macrolide resistance of Mycoplasma pneumoniae identified in children with community-acquired pneumonia in Medellín, Colombia.International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2018Article
- Diagnosing Viral and Atypical Pathogens in the Setting of Community-Acquired Pneumonia.Clinics in chest medicine · 2017Review
- Atypical Pneumonia: Updates on Legionella, Chlamydophila, and Mycoplasma Pneumonia.Clinics in chest medicine · 2017Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) caused by Legionella pneumophila, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and Chlamydophila pneumoniae is traditionally based on cultures and serology, which have special requirements, are time-consuming, and offer delayed results that limit their clinical usefulness of these techniques. We sought to develop a multiplex PCR (mPCR) method to diagnosis these bacterial infections in CAP patients and to compare the diagnostic yields obtained from mPCR of nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPAs), nasopharyngeal swabs (NPSs), and induced sputum (IS) with those obtained with specific PCR commercial kits, paired serology, and urinary antigen.
resultsA total of 225 persons were included. Of these, 10 patients showed serological evidence of L. pneumophila infection, 30 of M. pneumoniae, and 18 of C. pneumoniae; 20 individuals showed no CAP. The sensitivities were mPCR-NPS = 23.1%, mPCR-IS = 57.1%, Seeplex®-IS = 52.4%, and Speed-oligo®-NPA/NPS = 11.1%, and the specificities were mPCR-NPS = 97.1%, mPCR-IS = 77.8%, Seeplex®-IS = 92.6%, and Speed-oligo®-NPA/NPS = 96.1%. The concordance between tests was poor (kappa <0.4), except for the concordance between mPCR and the commercial kit in IS (0.67). In individuals with no evidence of CAP, positive reactions were observed in paired serology and in all PCRs.
conclusionsAll PCRs had good specificity but low sensitivity in nasopharyngeal samples. The sensitivity of mPCR and Seeplex® in IS was approximately 60%; thus, better diagnostic techniques for these three bacteria are required.
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