Observational studyPloS one2016
Socioeconomic and Other Demographic Disparities Predicting Survival among Head and Neck Cancer Patients.
Observational study in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Psychological Factors Related to Treatment Outcomes in Head and Neck Cancer.Advances in therapy · 2024Pooled it
- Perioperative opioids and survival outcomes in resectable head and neck cancer: A systematic review.Cancer medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Clinicians' Views of Patient-initiated Follow-up in Head and Neck Cancer: a Qualitative Study to Inform the PETNECK2 Trial.Clinical oncology (Royal College of Radiologists (Great Britain)) · 2022Trial
- Socioeconomic Disadvantage and Care Proximity Influence Stage at Presentation in Head and Neck Cancer.Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery · 2026Article
- Perceived Discrimination Among Patients With Head and Neck Cancer.Laryngoscope investigative otolaryngology · 2026Article
- Social Vulnerability Index as a Tool to Evaluate the Distribution of Head and Neck Oncology Surgeons.The Laryngoscope · 2025Article
- Socioeconomic disparities: a more important risk factor for advanced-stage oral cancer in Florida than smoking?Cancer causes & control : CCC · 2025Article
- Demographic Disparities in Diagnosis and Treatment of Anxiety and Depressive Disorders in Head and Neck Cancer Survivors.Head & neck · 2025Article
- Global burden of head and neck cancer: Epidemiological transitions, inequities, and projections to 2050.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Disparities in Care for Patients with Head and Neck Cancer.Surgical oncology clinics of North America · 2024Review
- Factors Associated with Total Laryngectomy Utilization in Patients with cT4a Laryngeal Cancer.Cancers · 2023Article
- Are sex and gender considered in head and neck cancer clinical studies?NPJ precision oncology · 2023Article
- Dental Caries Postradiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer.JDR clinical and translational research · 2023Article
- Article
- Disparities in Survival Outcomes among Racial/Ethnic Minorities with Head and Neck Squamous Cell Cancer in the United States.Cancers · 2023Article
- Disparities in head and neck cancer incidence and trends by race/ethnicity and sex.Head & neck · 2023Article
- Deep learning radiomics of dual-modality ultrasound images for hierarchical diagnosis of unexplained cervical lymphadenopathy.BMC medicine · 2022Article
- Revisiting the Concept of Non- and Minimally Invasive Interventions in Early Glottic Cancer - Part II: Single Therapy Should be Favored over the Combination of Transoral Laser Microsurgery and Radiotherapy, Regarding the Postinterventional Voice Quality.International archives of otorhinolaryngology · 2022Article
- Predictors of health-related quality of life in Serbian patients with head and neck cancer.Medicina oral, patologia oral y cirugia bucal · 2022Article
- Tooth Failure Post-Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer: Primary Report of the Clinical Registry of Dental Outcomes in Head and Neck Cancer Patients (OraRad) Study.International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe Institute of Medicine (IOM) report, "Unequal Treatment," which defines disparities as racially based, indicates that disparities in cancer diagnosis and treatment are less clear. While a number of studies have acknowledged cancer disparities, they have limitations of retrospective nature, small sample sizes, inability to control for covariates, and measurement errors.
objectiveThe purpose of this study was to examine disparities as predictors of survival among newly diagnosed head and neck cancer patients recruited from 3 hospitals in Michigan, USA, while controlling for a number of covariates (health behaviors, medical comorbidities, and treatment modality).
methodsLongitudinal data were collected from newly diagnosed head and neck cancer patients (N = 634). The independent variables were median household income, education, race, age, sex, and marital status. The outcome variables were overall, cancer-specific, and disease-free survival censored at 5 years. Kaplan-Meier curves and univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were performed to examine demographic disparities in relation to survival.
resultsFive-year overall, cancer-specific, and disease-free survival were 65.4% (407/622), 76.4% (487/622), and 67.0% (427/622), respectively. Lower income (HR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.1-2.0 for overall survival; HR, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.0-1.9 for cancer-specific survival), high school education or less (HR, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.1-1.9 for overall survival; HR, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.1-1.9 for cancer-specific survival), and older age in decades (HR, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.2-1.7 for overall survival; HR, 1.2; 95% CI, 1.1-1.4 for cancer-specific survival) decreased both overall and disease-free survival rates. A high school education or less (HR, 1.4; 95% CI, 1.0-2.1) and advanced age (HR, 1.3; 95% CI, 1.1-1.6) were significant independent predictors of poor cancer-specific survival.
conclusionLow income, low education, and advanced age predicted poor survival while controlling for a number of covariates (health behaviors, medical comorbidities, and treatment modality). Recommendations from the Institute of Medicine's Report to reduce disparities need to be implemented in treating head and neck cancer patients.
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