ArticlePloS one2016
Stretching Your Energetic Budget: How Tendon Compliance Affects the Metabolic Cost of Running.
Article in PloS one, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers.
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Who cites it
59 citing papers in PubMed.
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- Cross-bridge model for predicting muscle short-range stiffness during movement.PLoS computational biology · 2026Article
- Why inverse simulations overestimate optimal ankle exoskeleton assistance: the role of bi-articular coordination and joint stiffness.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2026Article
- OpenSim-Umberger-Based Metabolic Power Stratification During the Sit-to-Walk Transition Using Interpretable Ensemble Learning.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The energetic cost of human standing balance and gait initiation over a range of natural postures.PLoS computational biology · 2026Article
- Neuromechanical synergy patterns explain metabolic efficiency differences during the sit-to-walk transition.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2026Article
- The impact of type 2 diabetes on tendon material properties and locomotor function in the db/db mouse.Experimental physiology · 2026Article
- Lower limb exoskeletons for older adults: key assistance parameters and evaluation of ankle assistive strategies via musculoskeletal modelling.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2026Article
- Optimization of Actuator Stiffness and Actuation Timing of a Passive Ankle Exoskeleton: A Case Study Using a Musculoskeletal Modeling Approach.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Natural variability can increase human walking metabolic costs and its implications to simulation-based metabolic estimation.Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2025Article
- Toe-In and Toe-Out Walking Patterns and Lateral Wedge Insoles: A Musculoskeletal Simulation and Probabilistic Modelling Assessment of Medial Tibiofemoral Cartilage Mechanics.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Propulsion without penalty: greater soleus force with stiffer footwear does not necessarily increase estimated soleus metabolic cost across walking speeds.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2025Article
- Using physiologically based models to predict in vivo skeletal muscle energetics.The Journal of experimental biology · 2025Article
- Effects of varying longitudinal bending stiffness in running shoes on lower limb biomechanics of elite marathon runners.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2025Article
- Optimizing Resistance Training for Sprint and Endurance Athletes: Balancing Positive and Negative Adaptations.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2024Review
- Effects of Supervised Exercise Therapy on Muscle Function During Walking in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Predictive musculoskeletal simulations reveal the mechanistic link between speed, posture and energetics among extant mammals.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Insights into muscle metabolic energetics: Modelling muscle-tendon mechanics and metabolic rates during walking across speeds.PLoS computational biology · 2024Article
- Experiment-guided tuning of muscle-tendon parameters to estimate muscle fiber lengths and passive forces.Scientific reports · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Muscles attach to bones via tendons that stretch and recoil, affecting muscle force generation and metabolic energy consumption. In this study, we investigated the effect of tendon compliance on the metabolic cost of running using a full-body musculoskeletal model with a detailed model of muscle energetics. We performed muscle-driven simulations of running at 2-5 m/s with tendon force-strain curves that produced between 1 and 10% strain when the muscles were developing maximum isometric force. We computed the average metabolic power consumed by each muscle when running at each speed and with each tendon compliance. Average whole-body metabolic power consumption increased as running speed increased, regardless of tendon compliance, and was lowest at each speed when tendon strain reached 2-3% as muscles were developing maximum isometric force. When running at 2 m/s, the soleus muscle consumed less metabolic power at high tendon compliance because the strain of the tendon allowed the muscle fibers to operate nearly isometrically during stance. In contrast, the medial and lateral gastrocnemii consumed less metabolic power at low tendon compliance because less compliant tendons allowed the muscle fibers to operate closer to their optimal lengths during stance. The software and simulations used in this study are freely available at simtk.org and enable examination of muscle energetics with unprecedented detail.
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