ReviewDrug design, development and therapy2016
Drug-loaded erythrocytes: on the road toward marketing approval.
Review in Drug design, development and therapy, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03866954 (The Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacodynamics, and Efficacy of Erythrocyte Encapsulated Thymidine Phosphorylase), which is not on this map. Cited by 44 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
The Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacodynamics, and Efficacy of Erythrocyte Encapsulated Thymidine Phosphorylase (EE-TP) in Patients With MNGIE
Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed.
- Shear-Responsive Red Blood Cell Carriers for Targeted Drug Delivery to Constricted Arteries.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026Article
- Advances in Living Cell-Mediated Nanodrug Delivery Systems: Construction Strategies, Applications and Challenges.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Pharmacokinetics of Ceftriaxone Encapsulated in Carrier Erythrocytes in Experimental Study.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Biomimetic Targeted Drug Delivery for Liver Failure in Abdominal Sepsis: Focus on Autologous Erythrocyte Ghosts.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Blood Cell-Based Drug Delivery Systems: From Biological and Mechanical Design to Clinical Applications.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Immunocyte reprogramming empowers live-cell drug delivery: Mechanistic insights, delivery strategies, and clinical perspectives.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Review
- Advanced cell-derived drug delivery systems for pulmonary diseases: from bench to bedside.Drug delivery · 2025Review
- Natural carrier systems in cancer vaccines and immunotherapy.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Review
- Cell-Based Drug Delivery Systems: Innovative Drug Transporters for Targeted Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- A Microfluidic Approach for Intracellular Delivery into Red Blood Cells: A Deeper Understanding of the Role of Chemical/Rheological Properties of the Cellular Suspension.Annals of biomedical engineering · 2025Article
- Red Blood Cell-Based Delivery Systems for the Release of Hemoglobin-Derived Peptides with In Vitro Antitumor Activities.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Photothrombolytics: A light-driven technology for the targeted lysis of thrombi.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2025Article
- Biomimetic erythrocyte-based drug delivery systems for organ-targeted therapy.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2025Review
- Advances in drug delivery systems utilizing blood cells and their membrane-derived microvesicles.Drug delivery · 2024Review
- Drug-loaded erythrocytes: Modern approaches for advanced drug delivery for clinical use.Heliyon · 2024Review
- Translational Challenges and Prospective Solutions in the Implementation of Biomimetic Delivery Systems.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Pharmacokinetic behaviors of soft nanoparticulate formulations of chemotherapeutics.Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. Nanomedicine and nanobiotechnology · 2023Review
- Lung-Targeted Delivery of Cepharanthine by an Erythrocyte-Anchoring Strategy for the Treatment of Acute Lung Injury.Pharmaceutics · 2022Article
- Current approaches of nanomedicines in the market and various stage of clinical translation.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2022Review
- Multiparametric characterization of red blood cell physiology after hypotonic dialysis based drug encapsulation process.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Erythrocyte drug encapsulation is one of the most promising therapeutic alternative approaches for the administration of toxic or rapidly cleared drugs. Drug-loaded erythrocytes can operate through one of the three main mechanisms of action: extension of circulation half-life (bioreactor), slow drug release, or specific organ targeting. Although the clinical development of erythrocyte carriers is confronted with regulatory and development process challenges, industrial development is expanding. The manufacture of this type of product can be either centralized or bedside based, and different procedures are employed for the encapsulation of therapeutic agents. The major challenges for successful industrialization include production scalability, process validation, and quality control of the released therapeutic agents. Advantages and drawbacks of the different manufacturing processes as well as success key points of clinical development are discussed. Several entrapment technologies based on osmotic methods have been industrialized. Companies have already achieved many of the critical clinical stages, thus providing the opportunity in the future to cover a wide range of diseases for which effective therapies are not currently available.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.