Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26928181›Full record

ArticleParasites & vectors2016

Geographic variation in the response of Culex pipiens life history traits to temperature.

Jordan E Ruybal, Laura D Kramer, A Marm Kilpatrick

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Parasites & vectors, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
48citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

48 citing papers in PubMed.

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  13. Evolutionary adaptation under climate change:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Evolutionary adaptation under climate change:bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Viruses · 2024
    Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Jordan E RuybalDepartment Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064, USA. jordanruybal@gmail.com.
Laura D KramerNew York State Department of Health, Wadsworth Center, Slingerlands, NY, 12159, USA. laura.kramer@health.ny.gov.
A Marm KilpatrickDepartment Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064, USA. akilpatr@ucsc.edu.

Funding

UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SANTA CRUZ IMSD PROGRAMR25GM058903 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SANTA CRUZ · PI JURICA, MELISSA S · 1999 to 2019
$12.2M
The Impact of Climate and Climate Change on West Nile Virus TransmissionR01AI090159 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SANTA CRUZ · PI KILPATRICK, AUSTON MARMADUKE · 2010 to 2013
$1.9M
NIAID NIH HHS 1R01AI090159NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI090159NIGMS NIH HHS R25 GM058903
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundClimate change is predicted to alter the transmission of many vector-borne pathogens. The quantitative impact of climate change is usually estimated by measuring the temperature-performance relationships for a single population of vectors, and then mapping this relationship across a range of temperatures or locations. However, life history traits of different populations often differ significantly. Specifically, performance across a range of temperatures is likely to vary due to local adaptation to temperature and other factors. This variation can cause spatial variation in pathogen transmission and will influence the impact of climate change on the transmission of vector-borne pathogens.

methodsWe quantified variation in life history traits for four populations of Culex pipiens (Linnaeus) mosquitoes. The populations were distributed along altitudinal and latitudinal gradients in the eastern United States that spanned ~3 °C in mean summer temperature, which is similar to the magnitude of global warming expected in the next 3-5 decades. We measured larval and adult survival, development rate, and biting rate at six temperatures between 16 and 35 °C, in a common garden experiment.

resultsTemperature had strong and consistent non-linear effects on all four life history traits for all four populations. Adult female development time decreased monotonically with increasing temperature, with the largest decrease at cold temperatures. Daily juvenile and adult female survival also decreased with increasing temperature, but the largest decrease occurred at higher temperatures. There was significant among-population variation in the thermal response curves for the four life history traits across the four populations, with larval survival, adult survival, and development rate varying up to 45, 79, and 84 % among populations, respectively. However, variation was not correlated with local temperatures and thus did not support the local thermal adaptation hypothesis.

conclusionThese results suggest that the impact of climate change on vector-borne disease will be more variable than previous predictions, and our data provide an estimate of this uncertainty. In addition, the variation among populations that we observed will shape the response of vectors to changing climates.

Indexed as

TemperatureAnimalsCulexFeeding BehaviorLarvaSpatial AnalysisSurvival AnalysisUnited States

Identifiers

PMID26928181
PMCPMC4772444

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.