ArticlePsychoneuroendocrinology2016
Associations between hair cortisol concentration, income, income dynamics and status incongruity in healthy middle-aged women.
Article in Psychoneuroendocrinology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Cross-sectional relation of long-term glucocorticoids in hair with anthropometric measurements and their possible determinants: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2022Pooled it
- Trial
- University Exams and Psychosocial Stress: Effects on Cortisol Rhythmicity in Students.Clinical endocrinology · 2026Article
- A feasibility study exploring precarious employment and stress-related health among women.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Circadian Biomarkers in Humans: Methodological Insights into the Detection of Melatonin and Cortisol.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Neighborhood income inequality, maternal relative deprivation and neonatal health in Sweden: A cross-sectional study using individually defined multi-scale contexts.SSM - population health · 2025Article
- Changes in Stress Following Wage Increases for Early Childhood Educators.Early childhood education journal · 2025Article
- Prosocial reputation and stress among contemporary hunter-gatherers: the Hadza case.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Associations between adversity in the family of origin and hair cortisol concentration in adulthood.Developmental psychobiology · 2024Article
- Psychological and Physiological Stress and Stressors in Early Childhood Educators: An Observational Pilot Study.Psychology in the schools · 2024Article
- Maternal Sociodemographic Factors and Antenatal Stress.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Women's socioeconomic position in ontogeny is associated with improved immune function and lower stress, but not with height.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Hair cortisol concentrations are associated with hippocampal subregional volumes in children.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Socioeconomic Deprivation, Adverse Childhood Experiences and Medical Disorders in Adulthood: Mechanisms and Associations.Molecular neurobiology · 2019Review
- "If my family is happy, then I am happy": Quality-of-life determinants of parents of school-age children.SAGE open medicine · 2019Article
- Invited Commentary: The Enduring Role of "Place" in Health-A Historic Perspective.American journal of epidemiology · 2017Article
- Socioeconomic status, hair cortisol and internalizing symptoms in parents and children.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2017Article
- Assessing cortisol from hair samples in a large observational cohort: The Whitehall II study.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2016Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A body of research demonstrates that financial disadvantage is associated with general health inequalities and higher mortality rates. Most studies make use of cross-sectional analyses, although income can also be viewed as a dynamic concept. The use of endocrine-markers as proxies for health can provide information about the pathways involved in these associations. Hair cortisol analysis has been developed as a method for assessing sustained cortisol output as it provides an estimate of cumulative cortisol secretion over a prolonged time. The present study assessed income and income trajectory over a 4-year period in 164 working women (aged 26-65) in relation to hair cortisol in a longitudinal design. A negative association between hair cortisol and concurrent income was found (p=0.025) and hair cortisol and changes in income over 4 years (p<0.001), after adjustment for age, BMI, smoking status, hair treatment and country. Status incongruity, a mismatch between educational status and income group, was related to higher cortisol levels compared with status congruity (p=0.009). These findings suggest that psychoneuroendocrinological pathways might partially explain the relationship between lower socio-economic status and adverse health outcomes. Future longitudinal research using hair cortisol analysis is warranted to clarify the time course of social mobility in relation to long-term cortisol, to investigate other underlying psychosocial factors implicated in these associations, and to determine the exact health implications of the neuroendocrine perturbations in individuals with limited economic resources.
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