ArticleNeurobiology of aging2016
Cognitively impaired elderly exhibit insulin resistance and no memory improvement with infused insulin.
Article in Neurobiology of aging, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of antidiabetic drugs in Alzheimer´s disease: a systematic review of preclinical and clinical studies.Molecular neurodegeneration · 2025Pooled it
- Efficacy of Glucose Metabolism-Related Indexes on the Risk and Severity of Alzheimer's Disease: A Meta-Analysis.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2023Pooled it
- Trial
- Effects of the Insulin Sensitizer Metformin in Alzheimer Disease: Pilot Data From a Randomized Placebo-controlled Crossover Study.Alzheimer disease and associated disordersTrial
- Diet-Dependent Cognitive Benefits of Exogenous Ketone Body Precursor, (R,S)-1,3,-Butanediol, in a Mouse Model of Tauopathy.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Acute effects of lactate infusion on metabolism, AD biomarkers, and cognition: The LEAN study.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025Observational
- Decrypting the Possible Mechanistic Role of Fenofibrate in Alzheimer's Disease and Type 2 Diabetes: The Truth and Mystery.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2025Review
- Ketone body metabolism and cardiometabolic implications for cognitive health.npj metabolic health and disease · 2024Article
- Metabolic Messengers: ketone bodies.Nature metabolism · 2023Review
- Long-term use of metformin and Alzheimer's disease: beneficial or detrimental effects.Inflammopharmacology · 2023Review
- The potential role of human islet amyloid polypeptide in type 2 diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer's diseases.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2023Review
- Relationship between glycemic control and cognitive impairment: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2023Article
- Repurposing Licensed Drugs for Use Against Alzheimer's Disease.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2021Review
- Mild Cognitive Impairment and Donepezil Impact Mitochondrial Respiratory Capacity in Skeletal Muscle.Function (Oxford, England) · 2021Article
- Heat therapy: possible benefits for cognitive function and the aging brain.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2020Review
- Huperzine A ameliorates obesity-related cognitive performance impairments involving neuronal insulin signaling pathway in mice.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2020Article
- Characterization of the Meal-Stimulated Incretin Response and Relationship With Structural Brain Outcomes in Aging and Alzheimer's Disease.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2020Article
- Amylin in Alzheimer's disease: Pathological peptide or potential treatment?Neuropharmacology · 2018Review
- Measurement of Sitting Time in Older Adults With and Without Alzheimer's Disease.Journal for the measurement of physical behaviour · 2018Article
- The serum metabolomics signature of type 2 diabetes is obscured in Alzheimer's disease.American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Insulin resistance is a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), although its role in AD etiology is unclear. We assessed insulin resistance using fasting and insulin-stimulated measures in 51 elderly subjects with no dementia (ND; n = 37) and with cognitive impairment (CI; n = 14). CI subjects exhibited either mild CI or AD. Fasting insulin resistance was measured using the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Insulin-stimulated glucose disposal was assessed using the hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp to calculate glucose disposal rate into lean mass, the primary site of insulin-stimulated glucose disposal. Because insulin crosses the blood-brain barrier, we also assessed whether insulin infusion would improve verbal episodic memory compared to baseline. Different but equivalent versions of cognitive tests were administered in counterbalanced order in the basal and insulin-stimulated state. Groups did not differ in age or body mass index. Cognitively impaired subjects exhibited greater insulin resistance as measured at fasting (HOMA-IR; ND: 1.09 [1.1] vs. CI: 2.01 [2.3], p = 0.028) and during the hyperinsulinemic clamp (glucose disposal rate into lean mass; ND: 9.9 (4.5) vs. AD 7.2 (3.2), p = 0.040). Cognitively impaired subjects also exhibited higher fasting insulin compared to ND subjects, (CI: 8.7 [7.8] vs. ND: 4.2 [3.8] μU/mL; p = 0.023) and higher fasting amylin (CI: 24.1 [39.1] vs. 8.37 [14.2]; p = 0.050) with no difference in fasting glucose. Insulin infusion elicited a detrimental effect on one test of verbal episodic memory (Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test) in both groups (p < 0.0001) and no change in performance on an additional task (delayed logical memory). In this study, although insulin resistance was observed in cognitively impaired subjects compared to ND controls, insulin infusion did not improve memory. Furthermore, a significant correlation between HOMA-IR and glucose disposal rate was present only in ND (p = 0.0002) but not in cognitively impaired (p = 0.884) subjects, indicating potentially important physiological differences between these cohorts.
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Registered trials
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