Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26923030›Full record

ReviewPhysics of life reviews2016

Hand synergies: Integration of robotics and neuroscience for understanding the control of biological and artificial hands.

Marco Santello, Matteo Bianchi, Marco Gabiccini, Emiliano Ricciardi, Gionata Salvietti, Domenico Prattichizzo, Marc Ernst, Alessandro Moscatelli, Henrik Jörntell, Astrid M L Kappers and 4 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Physics of life reviews, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 79 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
79citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

79 citing papers in PubMed.

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  8. Explaining human motor coordination via the synergy expansion hypothesis.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
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19 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Marco SantelloSchool of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA. Electronic address: marco.santello@asu.edu.
Matteo BianchiResearch Center 'E. Piaggio', University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy; Advanced Robotics Department, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Genova, Italy.
Marco GabicciniResearch Center 'E. Piaggio', University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy; Advanced Robotics Department, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Genova, Italy; Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
Emiliano RicciardiMolecular Mind Laboratory, Dept. Surgical, Medical, Molecular Pathology and Critical Care, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy; Research Center 'E. Piaggio', University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
Gionata SalviettiDepartment of Information Engineering and Mathematics, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
Domenico PrattichizzoDepartment of Information Engineering and Mathematics, University of Siena, Siena, Italy; Advanced Robotics Department, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Genova, Italy.
Marc ErnstDepartment of Cognitive Neuroscience and CITEC, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany.
Alessandro MoscatelliDepartment of Cognitive Neuroscience and CITEC, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany; Department of Systems Medicine and Centre of Space Bio-Medicine, Università di Roma "Tor Vergata", 00173, Rome, Italy.
Henrik JörntellNeural Basis of Sensorimotor Control, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
Astrid M L KappersHuman Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Kostas KyriakopoulosSchool of Mechanical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Greece.
Alin Albu-SchäfferDLR - German Aerospace Center, Institute of Robotics and Mechatronics, Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany.
Claudio CastelliniDLR - German Aerospace Center, Institute of Robotics and Mechatronics, Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany.
Antonio BicchiResearch Center 'E. Piaggio', University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy; Advanced Robotics Department, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia (IIT), Genova, Italy. Electronic address: antonio.bicchi@unipi.it.

Funding

Soft Synergy-Based Artificial Hand for Prosthetic ApplicationsR21HD081938 · NICHD · ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY-TEMPE CAMPUS · PI SANTELLO, MARCO · 2014 to 2015
$393k
European Research Council 291166NICHD NIH HHS R21 HD081938
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The term 'synergy' - from the Greek synergia - means 'working together'. The concept of multiple elements working together towards a common goal has been extensively used in neuroscience to develop theoretical frameworks, experimental approaches, and analytical techniques to understand neural control of movement, and for applications for neuro-rehabilitation. In the past decade, roboticists have successfully applied the framework of synergies to create novel design and control concepts for artificial hands, i.e., robotic hands and prostheses. At the same time, robotic research on the sensorimotor integration underlying the control and sensing of artificial hands has inspired new research approaches in neuroscience, and has provided useful instruments for novel experiments. The ambitious goal of integrating expertise and research approaches in robotics and neuroscience to study the properties and applications of the concept of synergies is generating a number of multidisciplinary cooperative projects, among which the recently finished 4-year European project "The Hand Embodied" (THE). This paper reviews the main insights provided by this framework. Specifically, we provide an overview of neuroscientific bases of hand synergies and introduce how robotics has leveraged the insights from neuroscience for innovative design in hardware and controllers for biomedical engineering applications, including myoelectric hand prostheses, devices for haptics research, and wearable sensing of human hand kinematics. The review also emphasizes how this multidisciplinary collaboration has generated new ways to conceptualize a synergy-based approach for robotics, and provides guidelines and principles for analyzing human behavior and synthesizing artificial robotic systems based on a theory of synergies.

Indexed as

NeurosciencesRoboticsAlgorithmsBiomechanical PhenomenaHandHumansBiomechanicsElectromyographyForceMotor controlMovement

Identifiers

PMID26923030
PMCPMC5839666

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.