Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26922999›Full record

ReviewAdvances in immunology2016

The Role of Neoantigens in Naturally Occurring and Therapeutically Induced Immune Responses to Cancer.

Jeffrey P Ward, Matthew M Gubin, Robert D Schreiber

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Advances in immunology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 148 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
148citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

148 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Trial
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Overcoming tumour resistance in cancer immunotherapy through predictive and pharmacodynamic biomarkers.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026
    Review
  6. Molecular origin, discovery, validation and application of neoantigens.Asian journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2026
    Review
  7. Review
  8. Progenitor CD8Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2026
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. The spontaneous neoantigen-specific CD4Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025
    Article
  15. Article
  16. Elucidating DNA Damage-Dependent Immune System Activation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Review
  17. Shared neoantigens for cancer immunotherapy.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2025
    Review
  18. Deficient Mismatch Repair and Microsatellite Instability in Solid Tumors.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Review
  19. Review
  20. Article

88 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Jeffrey P WardWashington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States.
Matthew M GubinWashington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States.
Robert D SchreiberWashington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States. Electronic address: schreiber@immunology.wustl.edu.

Funding

Tumor Evolution and Metastasis ProgramP30CA016672 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF TX MD ANDERSON CAN CTR · PI Scott Kopetz · 1985 to 2026
$290.8M
Washington University Center for Cellular ImagingP30CA091842 · NCI · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI TIMOTHY J. EBERLEIN · 2001 to 2026
$128.0M
PRE-AND POSTGRADUATE TRAINING IN MOLECULAR HEMATOLOGYT32HL007088 · NHLBI · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI Grant Anthony Challen, Stephen Oh · 1985 to 2026
$14.1M
Translational Insights into Estrogen Receptor alpha-Positive Luminal Breast CanceU01CA141541 · NCI · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI CARDIFF, ROBERT D, SCHREIBER, ROBERT DAVID · 2009 to 2013
$3.8M
THE ROLE OF THE INTERFERONS IN CANCER IMMUNOEDITINGR01CA043059 · NCI · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI SCHREIBER, ROBERT DAVID · 1986 to 2014
$3.8M
DEVELOPMENT OF GENOMICS BASED PERSONALIZED CANCER IMMUNOTHERAPYR01CA190700 · NCI · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI SCHREIBER, ROBERT DAVID · 2015 to 2019
$2.1M
NCI NIH HHS P30 CA016672NCI NIH HHS P30 CA091842NCI NIH HHS R01 CA043059NCI NIH HHS R01 CA190700NCI NIH HHS U01 CA141541NHLBI NIH HHS 5T32HL007088-40NHLBI NIH HHS T32 HL007088
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Definitive experimental evidence from mouse cancer models and strong correlative clinical data gave rise to the Cancer Immunoediting concept that explains the dual host-protective and tumor-promoting actions of immunity on developing cancers. Tumor-specific neoantigens can serve as targets of spontaneously arising adaptive immunity to cancer and thereby determine the ultimate fate of developing tumors. Tumor-specific neoantigens can also function as optimal targets of cancer immunotherapy against established tumors. These antigens are derived from nonsynonymous mutations that occur during cellular transformation and, because they are foreign to the host genome, are not subject to central tolerance. In this review, we summarize the experimental evidence indicating that cancer neoantigens are the source of both spontaneously occurring and therapeutically induced immune responses against cancer. We also review the advances in genomics, bioinformatics, and cancer immunotherapy that have facilitated identification of neoantigens and have moved personalized cancer immunotherapies into clinical trials, with the promise of providing more specific, safer, more effective, and perhaps even more generalizable treatments to cancer patients than current immunotherapies.

Indexed as

Immunity, CellularImmunotherapyAnimalsAntigens, NeoplasmCancer VaccinesCell Transformation, NeoplasticGenomicsHumansMiceMolecular Targeted TherapyMutationNeoplasmsNeoplasms, ExperimentalTumor MicroenvironmentAntigens, NeoplasmCancer VaccinesCancer ImmunoeditingCancer immunotherapyCheckpoint blockade immunotherapyNeoantigensTumor-specific mutant antigens

Identifiers

PMID26922999
PMCPMC6087548

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.