Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26920641›Full record

Trial reportJournal of diabetes science and technology2016

Hypoglycemia-Associated EEG Changes in Prepubertal Children With Type 1 Diabetes.

Grith Lærkholm Hansen, Pia Foli-Andersen, Siri Fredheim, Claus Juhl, Line Sofie Remvig, Martin H Rose, Ivana Rosenzweig, Sándor Beniczky, Birthe Olsen, Kasper Pilgaard and 1 more

Open access · hybridAbstract readClinical Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Journal of diabetes science and technology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.0field-weighted citation impact, top 14% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 15 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Type 1 Diabetes, Sleep, and Hypoglycemia.Current diabetes reports · 2021
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Hypoglycemia-Induced Changes in the Electroencephalogram: An Overview.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2016
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.

Grith Lærkholm HansenPediatric Department, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Denmark.
Pia Foli-AndersenPediatric Department, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Denmark.
Siri FredheimPediatric Department, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Denmark.
Claus JuhlHypo-Safe A/S, Lyngby, Denmark.
Line Sofie RemvigHypo-Safe A/S, Lyngby, Denmark.
Martin H RoseHypo-Safe A/S, Lyngby, Denmark.
Ivana RosenzweigSleep and Brain Plasticity Centre, Department of Neuroimaging, King's College London, London, UK.
Sándor BeniczkyDepartment of Clinical Neurophysiology, Danish Epilepsy Center, Dianalund, Denmark.
Birthe OlsenPediatric Department, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Denmark.
Kasper PilgaardPediatric Department, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hillerød, Denmark.
Jesper JohannesenPediatric Department, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Denmark jesper.johannesen@regionh.dk.
Copenhagen University Hospital · DKHerlev Hospital · DKAarhus University · DKHospital South West Jutland · DKKing's College London · GB

Funding

Wellcome TrustWellcome Trust 103952/Z/14/Z
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe purpose of this study was to explore the possible difference in the electroencephalogram (EEG) pattern between euglycemia and hypoglycemia in children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) during daytime and during sleep. The aim is to develop a hypoglycemia alarm based on continuous EEG measurement and real-time signal processing.

methodEight T1D patients aged 6-12 years were included. A hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemic clamp was performed to induce hypoglycemia both during daytime and during sleep. Continuous EEG monitoring was performed. For each patient, quantitative EEG (qEEG) measures were calculated. A within-patient analysis was conducted comparing hypoglycemia versus euglycemia changes in the qEEG. The nonparametric Wilcoxon signed rank test was performed. A real-time analyzing algorithm developed for adults was applied.

resultsThe qEEG showed significant differences in specific bands comparing hypoglycemia to euglycemia both during daytime and during sleep. In daytime the EEG-based algorithm identified hypoglycemia in all children on average at a blood glucose (BG) level of 2.5 ± 0.5 mmol/l and 18.4 (ranging from 0 to 55) minutes prior to blood glucose nadir. During sleep the nighttime algorithm did not perform.

conclusionsWe found significant differences in the qEEG in euglycemia and hypoglycemia both during daytime and during sleep. The algorithm developed for adults detected hypoglycemia in all children during daytime. The algorithm had too many false alarms during the night because it was more sensitive to deep sleep EEG patterns than hypoglycemia-related EEG changes. An algorithm for nighttime EEG is needed for accurate detection of nocturnal hypoglycemic episodes in children. This study indicates that a hypoglycemia alarm may be developed using real-time continuous EEG monitoring.

Indexed as

Glucose Clamp TechniqueAlgorithmsBlood GlucoseChildDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1ElectroencephalographyFemaleHumansHypoglycemiaHypoglycemic AgentsInsulin AspartMaleNeurophysiological MonitoringBlood GlucoseHypoglycemic AgentsInsulin Aspartchildrendiabeteselectroencephalogramhypoglycemia

Identifiers

PMID26920641
PMCPMC5094317
OpenAlexW2286696089

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.