Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26919435›Full record

ArticleCell2016

New Brain Tumor Entities Emerge from Molecular Classification of CNS-PNETs.

Dominik Sturm, Brent A Orr, Umut H Toprak, Volker Hovestadt, David T W Jones, David Capper, Martin Sill, Ivo Buchhalter, Paul A Northcott, Irina Leis and 100 more

Registry-linked trialOpen access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cell, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06140992 (PaCIFiC-CUP:Pan-Cancer Integrated Fingerprinting Classifier for Identifying the Origin of Cancer of Unknown Primary), which is not on this map. Cited by 475 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
475citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
68.2field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06140992 recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2023, after this paper: background citation

PaCIFiC-CUP:Pan-Cancer Integrated Fingerprinting Classifier for Identifying the Origin of Cancer of Unknown Primary: A Multi-Center Prospective Cohort Study

TypeobservationalSponsorSun Yat-sen UniversityRan2023 to 2026Enrolled120ConditionsUnknown Primary Tumors, DNA Methylation
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

475 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 992 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Trial
  4. Article
  5. Recurrent C19MC-altered embryonal tumors with multilayered rosettes: outcomes of stereotactic radiosurgery.Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2026
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Primary Intracranial CIC-Rearranged Sarcoma With Prior History of B-Cell ALL: A Case Report.Neuropathology : official journal of the Japanese Society of Neuropathology · 2026
    Article
  9. Astroblastoma-like tumor with an EWSR1::BEND2 fusion in the fourth ventricle: a case report and narrative review.Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2026
    Review
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  11. Article
  12. Article
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  15. Review
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415 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

110 authors at 20 institutions in 17 countries.

Dominik Sturm *Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Brent A Orr *Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105-3678, USA.
Umut H Toprak *Division of Theoretical Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Volker Hovestadt *Division of Molecular Genetics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
David T W JonesDivision of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
David CapperDepartment of Neuropathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Martin SillDivision of Biostatistics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Ivo BuchhalterDivision of Theoretical Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Paul A NorthcottDivision of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Irina LeisDepartment of Neuropathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Marina RyzhovaNN Burdenko Neurosurgical Institute, Moscow, 125047 Russia.
Christian KoelscheDepartment of Neuropathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Elke PfaffDivision of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Sariah J AllenDepartment of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105-3678, USA.
Gnanaprakash BalasubramanianDivision of Applied Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Barbara C WorstDivision of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Kristian W PajtlerDivision of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Sebastian BrabetzDivision of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Pascal D JohannDivision of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Felix SahmDepartment of Neuropathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Jüri ReimandOntario Institute for Cancer Research, M5G 0A3, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada.
Alan MackayDivision of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, SW7 3RP, London, United Kingdom.
Diana M CarvalhoDivision of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, SW7 3RP, London, United Kingdom.
Marc RemkeProgram in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Division of Neurosurgery, Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M4N 1X8, Canada.
Joanna J PhillipsBrain Tumor Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158-9001, USA.
Arie PerryBrain Tumor Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158-9001, USA.
Cynthia CowdreyBrain Tumor Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158-9001, USA.
Rachid DrissiDivision of Oncology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
Maryam FouladiDivision of Oncology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
Felice GiangasperoDepartment of Radiological, Oncological and Anatomic-Pathological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.
Maria ŁastowskaDepartment of Pathology, Children's Memorial Health Institute, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland.
Wiesława GrajkowskaDepartment of Pathology, Children's Memorial Health Institute, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland.
Wolfram ScheurlenCnopf'sche Kinderklinik, Nürnberg Children's Hospital, 90419 Nürnberg, Germany.
Torsten PietschDepartment of Neuropathology, University of Bonn Medical School, 53105 Bonn, Germany.
Christian HagelInstitute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
Johannes GojoDepartment of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
Daniela LötschDepartment of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
Walter BergerDepartment of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
Irene SlavcDepartment of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
Christine HaberlerInstitute of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, 1097 Vienna, Austria.
Anne JouvetNeuro-Oncology and Neuro-Inflammation Team, Inserm U1028, CNRS UMR 5292, University Lyon-1, Neuroscience Center, 69000 Lyon, France, and Centre de Pathologie et de Neuropathologie Est, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69003 Lyon, France.
Stefan HolmDepartment of Women's and Children's Health (KBH), Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
Silvia HoferDepartment of Oncology, Luzerner Kantonsspital, 6000 Luzern 16, Luzern, Switzerland.
Marco PrinzInstitute of Neuropathology, University of Freiburg, Germany & BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany.
Catherine KeohaneDepartment of Pathology, University College Cork and Cork University Hospital Wilton, Cork, Ireland.
Iris FriedDepartment of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.
Christian MawrinInstitute of Neuropathology, University Hospital, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
David ScheieDepartment of Pathology, Copenhagen University Hospital, 2100 København Ø, Denmark.
Bret C MobleyDepartment of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
Matthew J SchniederjanDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Administration, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
Mariarita SantiDepartment of Pathology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Anna M BuccolieroPathology Unit, Anna Meyer Children's University Hospital, 50141 Florence, Italy.
Sonika DahiyaDepartment of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Christof M KrammDivision of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Child and Adolescent Health, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany.
André O von BuerenDivision of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Department of Child and Adolescent Health, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany.
Katja von HoffDepartment of Pediatric Haematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
Stefan RutkowskiDepartment of Pediatric Haematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
Christel Herold-MendeDepartment of Neurosurgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Michael C FrühwaldPediatric Hospital, Klinikum Augsburg, 86156 Augsburg, Germany.
Till MildeDepartment of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology & Immunology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Martin HasselblattInstitute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany.
Pieter WesselingDepartment of Pathology, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, 1008 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Jochen RößlerDepartment of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Center of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, 79106 Freiburg, Germany.
Ulrich SchüllerDepartment of Neuropathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany.
Martin EbingerDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, Children's University Hospital Tübingen, and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
Jens SchittenhelmDepartment of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University of Tübingen, and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
Stephan FrankDepartment of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Basel University Hospital, 4031 Basel, Switzerland.
Rainer GrobholzDepartment of Pathology, Medical Center Aarau, 5001 Aarau, Switzerland.
Istvan VajtaiDepartment of Pathology, University Hospital Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland.
Volkmar HansDepartment of Neuropathology, Medical Center Bielefeld, 33617 Bielefeld, Germany.
Reinhard SchneppenheimDepartment of Pediatric Haematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
Karel ZitterbartDepartment of Pediatric Oncology, University Hospital Brno and Masaryk University, Faculty of Medicine, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
V Peter CollinsDivision of Molecular Histopathology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom.
Eleonora AronicaDepartment of Neuropathology, AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands.
Pascale VarletDepartment of Neuropathology, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, 75674, Paris, France.
Stephanie PugetPediatric Neurosurgery Department, Necker Enfants Malades Hospital, 75015, Paris, France.
Christelle DufourBrain Tumor Program, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Institute, University Paris Sud, 94805, Villejuif, France.
Jacques GrillBrain Tumor Program, Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Oncology, Gustave Roussy Cancer Institute, University Paris Sud, 94805, Villejuif, France.
Dominique Figarella-BrangerDepartment of Pathology and Neuropathology, la Timone Hospital, AP-HM and UMR911 CR02, Aix-Marseille University, 13385 Marseille, France.
Marietta WolterDepartment of Neuropathology, Heinrich-Heine-University, and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
Martin U SchuhmannDepartment of Neurosurgery, Section of Pediatric Neurosurgery, University Hospital Tübingen, and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
Tarek ShalabyNeuro-Oncology Program, Division of Oncology, University Children's Hospital Zurich, 8032 Zürich, Switzerland.
Michael GrotzerNeuro-Oncology Program, Division of Oncology, University Children's Hospital Zurich, 8032 Zürich, Switzerland.
Timothy van MeterVirginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.
Camelia-Maria MonoranuDepartment of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, University of Würzburg, and Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC) Mainfranken, University and University Hospital, 97080 Würzburg, Germany.
Jörg FelsbergDepartment of Neuropathology, Heinrich-Heine-University, and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
Guido ReifenbergerDepartment of Neuropathology, Heinrich-Heine-University, and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) partner site Essen/Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
Matija SnuderlDepartment of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY 10016, USA.
Lynn Ann ForresterNYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
Jan KosterDepartment of Oncogenomics, AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands.
Rogier VersteegDepartment of Oncogenomics, AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands.
Richard VolckmannDepartment of Oncogenomics, AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands.
Peter van SluisDepartment of Oncogenomics, AMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands.
Stephan WolfGenomics and Proteomics Core Facility, High Throughput Sequencing Unit, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Tom MikkelsenDepartments of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
Amar GajjarDepartment of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.
Kenneth AldapeDepartment of Neuro-Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Andrew S MooreThe University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational Research Institute; UQ Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland; Queensland Children's Medical Research Institute, Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Service; Brisbane, Australia.
Michael D TaylorProgram in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Division of Neurosurgery, Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M4N 1X8, Canada.
Chris JonesDivision of Molecular Pathology, The Institute of Cancer Research, SW7 3RP, London, United Kingdom.
Nada JabadoMcGill University and Genome Quebec Innovation Centre, Montreal, QC H3A 1A4, Canada.
Matthias A KarajannisDepartments of Pediatrics and Otolaryngology, Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, NYU Langone Medical Center and Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NY 10016, New York, USA.
Roland EilsDivision of Theoretical Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Matthias SchlesnerDivision of Theoretical Bioinformatics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Peter LichterDivision of Molecular Genetics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Andreas von DeimlingDepartment of Neuropathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Stefan M PfisterDivision of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
David W EllisonDepartment of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105-3678, USA.
Andrey KorshunovDepartment of Neuropathology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Marcel KoolDivision of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
German Cancer Research Center · DESt. Jude Children's Research Hospital · USUniversität Hamburg · DEUniversity of Amsterdam · NLComprehensive Cancer Center Vienna · ATDeutschen Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung · DEInstitute of Cancer Research · GBUniversity of California, San Francisco · USChildren's Memorial Health Institute · PLCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center · USHeidelberg University · DEInstitut Gustave Roussy · FRMedical University of Vienna · ATNYU Langone Health · USUniversitätsmedizin Göttingen · DEUniversity Children's Hospital Zurich · CHUniversity of Toronto · CAAix-Marseille Université · FRAmsterdam Neuroscience · NLBurdenko Neurosurgery Institute · RU

Funding

Viral Vector Technology (VVTSR)P30CA021765 · NCI · ST. JUDE CHILDREN'S RESEARCH HOSPITAL · PI CHARLES ROBERTS · 1985 to 2026
$166.9M
Project-005UL1TR001445 · NCATS · NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · PI BREDELLA, MIRIAM ANTOINETTE, HOCHMAN, JUDITH S · 2015 to 2025
$103.5M
Vaccine FacilityP30CA016087 · NCI · NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · PI ADRIANA HEGUY · 1985 to 2026
$83.1M
The DNA Damage Response and Tumorigenesis in the BrainP01CA096832 · NCI · ST. JUDE CHILDREN'S RESEARCH HOSPITAL · PI BAKER, SUZANNE J. · 2003 to 2025
$38.0M
Institutional Clinical and Translational Science AwardUL1TR000038 · NCATS · NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · PI CRONSTEIN, BRUCE NEIL · 2012 to 2014
$16.8M
Cancer Research UK 13982NCATS NIH HHS UL 1 TR000038NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001445NCI NIH HHS P01 CA096832NCI NIH HHS P01CA096832NCI NIH HHS P30 CA016087NCI NIH HHS P30CA016087NCI NIH HHS P30 CA021765
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Primitive neuroectodermal tumors of the central nervous system (CNS-PNETs) are highly aggressive, poorly differentiated embryonal tumors occurring predominantly in young children but also affecting adolescents and adults. Herein, we demonstrate that a significant proportion of institutionally diagnosed CNS-PNETs display molecular profiles indistinguishable from those of various other well-defined CNS tumor entities, facilitating diagnosis and appropriate therapy for patients with these tumors. From the remaining fraction of CNS-PNETs, we identify four new CNS tumor entities, each associated with a recurrent genetic alteration and distinct histopathological and clinical features. These new molecular entities, designated "CNS neuroblastoma with FOXR2 activation (CNS NB-FOXR2)," "CNS Ewing sarcoma family tumor with CIC alteration (CNS EFT-CIC)," "CNS high-grade neuroepithelial tumor with MN1 alteration (CNS HGNET-MN1)," and "CNS high-grade neuroepithelial tumor with BCOR alteration (CNS HGNET-BCOR)," will enable meaningful clinical trials and the development of therapeutic strategies for patients affected by poorly differentiated CNS tumors.

Indexed as

DNA MethylationAmino Acid SequenceCentral Nervous System NeoplasmsChildForkhead Transcription FactorsGene Expression ProfilingGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticHumansMolecular Sequence DataNeuroectodermal TumorsProto-Oncogene ProteinsRepressor ProteinsSignal TransductionTrans-ActivatorsTumor Suppressor ProteinsBCOR protein, humanCIC protein, humanForkhead Transcription FactorsFOXR2 protein, humanMN1 protein, humanProto-Oncogene ProteinsRepressor ProteinsTrans-ActivatorsTumor Suppressor Proteins

Identifiers

PMID26919435
PMCPMC5139621
OpenAlexW2286322195

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.