Trial reportThe world journal of biological psychiatry : the official journal of the World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry2016
Ninety-six hour ketamine infusion with co-administered clonidine for treatment-resistant depression: A pilot randomised controlled trial.
Trial report in The world journal of biological psychiatry : the official journal of the World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 22 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Safe Ketamine-Based Therapy for Treatment Resistant Depression
Evaluation of the Antidepressant Effects of Nitrous Oxide in People With Major Depressive Disorder
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Quantitative evaluation of multiple treatment regimens for treatment-resistant depression.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- Blood-based biomarkers of antidepressant response to ketamine and esketamine: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Molecular psychiatry · 2022Pooled it
- Efficacy of ketamine for major depressive episodes at 2, 4, and 6-weeks post-treatment: A meta-analysis.Psychopharmacology · 2021Pooled it
- Strategies to Prolong Ketamine's Efficacy in Adults with Treatment-Resistant Depression.Advances in therapy · 2021Pooled it
- Effectiveness and Safety of Ketamine for Unipolar Depression: a Systematic Review.The Psychiatric quarterly · 2020Pooled it
- Intravenous Ketamine for Late-Life Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Pilot Study of Tolerability, Safety, Clinical Benefits, and Effect on Cognition.The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry · 2023Trial
- Factors Influencing the Cardiovascular Response to Subanesthetic Ketamine: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2017Trial
- Insights for the Next Generation of Ketamine for the Treatment of Depressive Disorder.Journal of medicinal chemistry · 2025Review
- Rethinking ketamine as a panacea: adverse effects on oxygenation and postoperative outcomes.British journal of anaesthesia · 2024Article
- Ketamine for postoperative avoidance of depressive symptoms: the K-PASS feasibility randomised trial.BJA open · 2024Article
- Ketamine counteracts sevoflurane-induced depressive-like behavior and synaptic plasticity impairments through the adenosine A2A receptor/ERK pathway in rats.Molecular neurobiology · 2023Article
- S-Ketamine Exerts Antidepressant Effects by Regulating Rac1 GTPase Mediated Synaptic Plasticity in the Hippocampus of Stressed Rats.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2023Article
- Use of ketamine for treatment resistant depression: updated review of literature and practical applications to a community ketamine program in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
- Protocol for the Ketamine for Postoperative Avoidance of Depressive Symptoms (K-PASS) feasibility study: A randomized clinical trial.F1000Research · 2022Article
- Prolonged ketamine infusion modulates limbic connectivity and induces sustained remission of treatment-resistant depression.Psychopharmacology · 2021Article
- Pharmacological Treatments for Patients with Treatment-Resistant Depression.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
- Ketamine in Major Depressive Disorder: Mechanisms and Future Perspectives.Psychiatry investigation · 2020Article
- Could ketamine be the answer to treating treatment-resistant major depressive disorder?General psychiatry · 2020Review
- Consensus Guidelines on the Use of Intravenous Ketamine Infusions for Chronic Pain From the American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, the American Academy of Pain Medicine, and the American Society of Anesthesiologists.Regional anesthesia and pain medicine · 2018Review
- Ten-Hour Exposure to Low-Dose Ketamine Enhances Corticostriatal Cross-Frequency Coupling and Hippocampal Broad-Band Gamma Oscillations.Frontiers in neural circuits · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Objectives We examined the feasibility of a high-dose, 96-h infusion of ketamine in treatment-resistant depression. Methods Ten participants were randomised to receive a 96-h ketamine infusion, titrated as tolerated to a target rate of 0.6 mg/kg/h, while 10 received a 40-min ketamine infusion (0.5 mg/kg). Both groups received clonidine, titrated to a maximum of 0.6 mg orally daily, during the infusion to mitigate side effects of ketamine. Participants were followed for 8 weeks to examine potential antidepressant effects. Results All 20 participants completed the infusion. Most participants tolerated the infusion well, with minimal psychotomimetic symptoms or blood pressure elevation despite achieving high ketamine concentrations (mean 424 ng/ml for 96-h arm, 156 ng/ml for 40-min arm). There was no rebound hypertension upon discontinuing clonidine. Rapid and sustained improvement in depressive symptoms was observed in both study groups. Higher ketamine concentration was associated with sustained antidepressant response, and was not with greater psychotomimetic side effects, in the 96-h arm. Conclusions This study provides evidence for the feasibility of prolonged ketamine infusions in treatment-resistant depression. Co-administration of clonidine appeared to mitigate ketamine's psychotomimetic effects. Further study is required to investigate the extent to which prolonged ketamine infusions could provide both rapid and sustained improvements in treatment-resistant depression. Clinicaltrials.gov identifier NCT01179009.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.