Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26916271›Full record

ArticleCancer2016

Disparity in liver cancer incidence and chronic liver disease mortality by nativity in Hispanics: The Multiethnic Cohort.

Veronica Wendy Setiawan, Pengxiao C Wei, Brenda Y Hernandez, Shelly C Lu, Kristine R Monroe, Loic Le Marchand, Jian Min Yuan

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cancer, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
43citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
5.0field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

43 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 51 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Access to care and the Hispanic paradox among Hispanic patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.Clinics and research in hepatology and gastroenterology · 2025
    Article
  4. Exploring disparities in healthcare utilization, cancer care experience, and beliefs about cancer among asian and hispanic cancer survivors.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2024
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Actionable Solutions to Achieve Health Equity in Chronic Liver Disease.Clinical gastroenterology and hepatology : the official clinical practice journal of the American Gastroenterological Association · 2023
    Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Cancer Epidemiology in Hispanic Populations: What Have We Learned and Where Do We Need to Make Progress?Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2022
    Review
  17. Article
  18. Asian American/Pacific Islander and Hispanic Ethnic Enclaves, Neighborhood Socioeconomic Status, and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Incidence in California: An Update.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2022
    Article
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.

Veronica Wendy SetiawanDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.
Pengxiao C WeiDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.
Brenda Y HernandezEpidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii.
Shelly C LuDivision of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.
Kristine R MonroeDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.
Loic Le MarchandEpidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, Hawaii.
Jian Min YuanDepartment of Epidemiology and University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
University of Southern California · USCedars-Sinai Medical Center · USUniversity of Hawaii Cancer CenterUniversity of Hawaii System · USUPMC Hillman Cancer Center · US

Funding

University of Hawaii Cancer Center CCSGP30CA071789 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII AT MANOA · PI Xin Chen · 1996 to 2026
$56.2M
Understanding Population Differences in Cancer: The MEC StudyU01CA164973 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII AT MANOA · PI HAIMAN, CHRISTOPHER ALAN, LE MARCHAND, LOIC · 2015 to 2025
$37.4M
Understanding Ethnic Differences in Cancer: The Multiethnic Cohort StudyUM1CA164973 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII AT MANOA · PI HENDERSON, BRIAN E, LE MARCHAND, LOIC · 2012 to 2014
$11.3M
Investigating the cause of racial/ethnic disparity in hepatocellular cancer riskR03CA186203 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI SETIAWAN, VERONICA WENDY · 2014 to 2015
$165k
NCI NIH HHS P30 CA071789NCI NIH HHS R03 CA186203NCI NIH HHS U01 CA164973NCI NIH HHS UM1 CA164973
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and chronic liver disease (CLD) are major causes of morbidity and mortality among Hispanics. Disparities in the incidence of HCC and in CLD deaths by nativity in Hispanics have been reported. Whether individual-level risk factors could explain these disparities was assessed in a prospective study of 36,864 Hispanics (18,485 US-born and 18,379 foreign-born) in the Multiethnic Cohort.

methodsRisk factors were assessed with a baseline questionnaire and Medicare claim files. During a 19.6-year follow-up, 189 incident cases of HCC and 298 CLD deaths were identified.

resultsThe HCC incidence rate was almost twice as high for US-born Hispanic men versus foreign-born Hispanic men (44.7 vs 23.1), but the rates were comparable for women (14.5 vs 13.4). The CLD mortality rate was about twice as high for US-born Hispanics versus foreign-born Hispanics (66.3 vs 35.1 for men and 42.2 vs 19.7 for women). Heavy alcohol consumption was associated with HCC and CLD in foreign-born individuals, whereas the current smoking status, hepatitis B/C viral infection, and diabetes were associated with both HCC and CLD. After adjustments for these risk factors, the hazard rate ratios for HCC and CLD death were 1.58 (95% confidence interval, 1.00-2.51) and 1.85 (95% confidence interval, 1.25-2.73), respectively, for US-born Hispanics versus foreign-born Hispanics.

conclusionsUS-born Hispanics, particularly males, are at greater risk for HCC and death from CLD than foreign-born Hispanics. Overall known differences in risk factors do not account for these disparities. Future studies are warranted to identify factors that contribute to the elevated risk of HCC development and CLD death in US-born Hispanics. Cancer 2016;122:1444-1452. © 2016 American Cancer Society.

Indexed as

AgedAlcohol DrinkingCarcinoma, HepatocellularCentral AmericaChronic DiseaseConfidence IntervalsDiabetes MellitusEducational StatusFemaleHepatitis BHepatitis CHispanic or LatinoHumansIncidenceLatin AmericaLiver Diseasesepidemiologyhepatocellular carcinomaLatinosminorityrisk factor

Identifiers

PMID26916271
PMCPMC4840042
OpenAlexW2282228285

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.