Trial reportContraception2016
Safety and efficacy in parous women of a 52-mg levonorgestrel-medicated intrauterine device: a 7-year randomized comparative study with the TCu380A.
Trial report in Contraception, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to trial NCT03395756 (Investigation of the Potential for Intramuscular Depot Medroxyprogesterone Acetate as Emergency Contraception), which is not on this map. Cited by 34 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Investigation of the Potential for Intramuscular Depot Medroxyprogesterone Acetate as Emergency Contraception
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 95 citations in OpenAlex.
- Extended duration of use of long-acting reversible contraceptives: Systematic review.Canadian family physician Medecin de famille canadien · 2025Pooled it
- Progestin intrauterine devices versus copper intrauterine devices for emergency contraception.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Discontinuation rates of intrauterine contraception due to unfavourable bleeding: a systematic review.BMC women's health · 2022Pooled it
- Progestogen-releasing intrauterine systems for heavy menstrual bleeding.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of a copper intrauterine contraceptive system releasing ulipristal acetate: A randomized proof-of-concept study.Contraception · 2021Trial
- Contraception with levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system versus copper intrauterine device: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.EClinicalMedicine · 2024Article
- Risk factors of uterine perforation when using contraceptive intrauterine devices.BMC women's health · 2024Article
- Trends in Continuation of Long-Acting Reversible Contraception Among Adolescents Receiving Medicaid.The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine · 2024Article
- S2k-Guideline Non-hormonal Contraception, Part 2: Intrauterine Devices and Sterilization: Guideline of the DGGG, OEGGG and SGGG (S2k-Level, AWMF Registry No. 015 - 095, January 2024).Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde · 2024Article
- S2k-Guideline Non-hormonal Contraception, Part 1: Natural Family Planning, Lactational Amenorrhea, Barrier Methods, Coitus Interruptus: Guideline of the DGGG, OEGGG and SGGG (S2k-Level, AWMF Registry No. 015 - 095, January 2024).Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde · 2024Article
- Couple-Years of Protection Indicator: New Global Guidance for Updating Existing Methods and Adding New Methods.Global health, science and practice · 2024Review
- Article
- What Have We Learned? Implementation of a Shared Learning Agenda and Access Strategy for the Hormonal Intrauterine Device.Global health, science and practice · 2022Article
- Observational study of feasibility and acceptability of the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device as a long-acting reversible contraceptive in a primary care setting in India.Contraception: X · 2022Article
- Evaluation of the Efficacy and Adverse Reactions of Mirena Combined with Hysteroscopic Surgery When Treating AUB: Based on a Retrospective Cohort Study.Computational and mathematical methods in medicine · 2022Article
- Expanding long-acting contraceptive options: a prospective cohort study of the hormonal intrauterine device, copper intrauterine device, and implants in Nigeria and Zambia.The Lancet. Global health · 2021Article
- Prioritisation of outpatient appointments and elective surgery in gynaecology.Best practice & research. Clinical obstetrics & gynaecology · 2021Review
- Continuation Rates of the 52-mg Levonorgestrel-releasing Intrauterine System according to the Primary Reason for its Use.Revista brasileira de ginecologia e obstetricia : revista da Federacao Brasileira das Sociedades de Ginecologia e Obstetricia · 2021Article
- The potential for intramuscular depot medroxyprogesterone acetate as a self-bridging emergency contraceptive.Contraception: X · 2021Article
- Pregnancy Reasonably Excluded Guide (PREG) Evaluation of Pregnancy Status Before Contraceptive Procedures: Improved Availability of Same-Day Insertion.Mayo Clinic proceedings. Innovations, quality & outcomes · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesTo compare rates of unintended pregnancy, method continuation and reasons for removal among women using the 52-mg levonorgestrel (daily release 20 microg) intrauterine device (LNG-IUD) or the copper T 380 A IUD (TCu380A). STUDY
designThis was an open-label 7-year randomized controlled trial in 20 centres, 11 of which in China. Data on 1884 women with interval insertion of the LNG-IUD and 1871 of the TCu380A were analysed using life tables with 30-day intervals and Cox proportional hazards models.
resultsThe cumulative 7-year pregnancy rate of the LNG-IUD was 0.5 (standard error 0.2) per 100, significantly lower than 2.5 (0.4) per 100 of the TCu380A, cumulative method discontinuation rates at 7 years were 70.6 (1.2) and 40.8 (1.3) per 100, respectively. Dominant reasons for discontinuing the LNG-IUD were amenorrhea (26.1 [1.3] per 100) and reduced bleeding (12.5 [1.1] per 100), particularly in Chinese women and, for the TCu380A, increased bleeding (9.9 [0.9] per 100), especially among non-Chinese women. Removal rates for pain were similar for the two intrauterine devices (IUDs). Cumulative rates of removal for symptoms compatible with hormonal side effects were 5.7 (0.7) and 0.4 (0.2) per 100 for the LNG-IUD and TCu380A, respectively, and cumulative losses to follow-up at 7 years were 26.0 (1.4) and 36.9 (1.3) per 100, respectively.
conclusionThe LNG-IUD and the TCu380A have very high contraceptive efficacy, with the LNG-IUD significantly higher than the TCu380A. Overall rates of IUD removals were higher among LNG-IUD users than TCu380A users. Removals for amenorrhea appeared culturally associated. IMPLICATIONS: The 52-mg LNG-IUD and the TCu380A have very high contraceptive efficacy through 7 years. As an IUD, the unique side effects of the LNG-IUD are reduced bleeding, amenorrhea and symptoms compatible with hormonal contraceptives.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.