Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26914990›Full record

ArticleMaternal & child nutrition2017

Comparison of macronutrient contents in human milk measured using mid-infrared human milk analyser in a field study vs. chemical reference methods.

Mei Zhu, Zhenyu Yang, Yiping Ren, Yifan Duan, Huiyu Gao, Biao Liu, Wenhui Ye, Jie Wang, Shian Yin

Registry-linked trialAbstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Maternal & child nutrition, 2017. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04294368 (Targeted Fortification of Donor Breast Milk in Preterm Infants), which is not on this map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04294368 narecruitingnot on this mapstarted 2020, after this paper: background citation

Targeted Fortification of Donor Breast Milk in Preterm Infants

TypeinterventionalSponsorColumbia UniversityRan2020 to 2027Enrolled50ConditionsPrematurity, Extreme, Failure to Thrive in Newborn, Growth RetardationArmsSimilac Human Milk Fortifier Extensively Hydrolyzed Protein Concentrated Liquid, Similac Liquid Protein Fortifier, Nestle Microlipid, Medica Nutrition SolCarb, Similac Human Milk Fortifier Extensively Hydrolyzed Protein Concentrated Liquid (Targeted Fortification)
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Videoconferencing with the Hospitalized Premature Infant while Expressing Milk: A Randomized Crossover Trial.Telemedicine journal and e-health : the official journal of the American Telemedicine Association · 2026
    Trial
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
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  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
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  15. Comparison of macronutrient content in human milk measured by mid-infrared human milk analyzer and reference methods.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2019
    Article
  16. Transmission infrared spectroscopy for rapid quantification of fat, protein, and lactose concentrations in human milk.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2018
    Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Mei ZhuKey Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition, Ministry of Health of China, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
Zhenyu YangKey Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition, Ministry of Health of China, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
Yiping RenZhejiang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou city, Zhejiang Province, China.
Yifan DuanKey Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition, Ministry of Health of China, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
Huiyu GaoKey Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition, Ministry of Health of China, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
Biao LiuMilk Powder Business Unit, Inner Mongolia YiLi Industrial Group Co. Ltd, Hohhot, China.
Wenhui YeMilk Powder Business Unit, Inner Mongolia YiLi Industrial Group Co. Ltd, Hohhot, China.
Jie WangKey Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition, Ministry of Health of China, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
Shian YinKey Laboratory of Trace Element Nutrition, Ministry of Health of China, National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Macronutrient contents in human milk are the common basis for estimating these nutrient requirements for both infants and lactating women. A mid-infrared human milk analyser (HMA, Miris, Sweden) was recently developed for determining macronutrient levels. The purpose of the study is to compare the accuracy and precision of HMA method with fresh milk samples in the field studies with chemical methods with frozen samples in the lab. Full breast milk was collected using electric pumps and fresh milk was analyzed in the field studies using HMA. All human milk samples were thawed and analyzed with chemical reference methods in the lab. The protein, fat and total solid levels were significantly correlated between the two methods and the correlation coefficient was 0.88, 0.93 and 0.78, respectively (p  <  0.001). The mean protein content was significantly lower and the mean fat level was significantly greater when measured using HMA method (1.0 g 100 mL

Indexed as

Nutritive ValueSpectrophotometry, InfraredCalibrationDietary FatsFemaleFood AnalysisHumansLactoseMilk, HumanMilk ProteinsDietary FatsLactoseMilk ProteinsHPAEChuman milk analysermacronutrientsmicro-Kjeldahl methodRöese-Gottlieb method

Identifiers

PMID26914990
PMCPMC6866206

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.