Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26912859›Full record

ArticleScience (New York, N.Y.)2016

Dynamics of epigenetic regulation at the single-cell level.

Lacramioara Bintu, John Yong, Yaron E Antebi, Kayla McCue, Yasuhiro Kazuki, Narumi Uno, Mitsuo Oshimura, Michael B Elowitz

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Science (New York, N.Y.), 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 244 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
244citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

244 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Stochastic modeling of epigenetic memory.NPJ systems biology and applications · 2026
    Review
  9. Epigenetic editing: from concept to clinic.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2026
    Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Reversing transgene silencing via targeted chromatin editing.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

184 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Lacramioara BintuDivision of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
John YongDivision of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
Yaron E AntebiDivision of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
Kayla McCueDivision of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
Yasuhiro KazukiChromosome Engineering Research Center, Tottori University, 86 Nishicho, Yonago, Japan.
Narumi UnoChromosome Engineering Research Center, Tottori University, 86 Nishicho, Yonago, Japan.
Mitsuo OshimuraChromosome Engineering Research Center, Tottori University, 86 Nishicho, Yonago, Japan.
Michael B ElowitzDivision of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA. Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) and Department of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA. melowitz@caltech.edu.

Funding

Multiplex RNA imaging in single cells by superresolution microscopy& barcode FISHR01HD075605 · NICHD · CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · PI CAI, LONG, SOMLO, GEORGE NONE · 2012 to 2016
$4.1M
Quantitative Single-Cell Analysis of Mammalian Notch Signaling StatesR01HD075335 · NICHD · CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · PI ELOWITZ, MICHAEL B · 2012 to 2024
$3.7M
Howard Hughes Medical InstituteNICHD NIH HHS R01 HD075335NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD075335ANICHD NIH HHS R01 HD075605NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD075605A
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Chromatin regulators play a major role in establishing and maintaining gene expression states. Yet how they control gene expression in single cells, quantitatively and over time, remains unclear. We used time-lapse microscopy to analyze the dynamic effects of four silencers associated with diverse modifications: DNA methylation, histone deacetylation, and histone methylation. For all regulators, silencing and reactivation occurred in all-or-none events, enabling the regulators to modulate the fraction of cells silenced rather than the amount of gene expression. These dynamics could be described by a three-state model involving stochastic transitions between active, reversibly silent, and irreversibly silent states. Through their individual transition rates, these regulators operate over different time scales and generate distinct types of epigenetic memory. Our results provide a framework for understanding and engineering mammalian chromatin regulation and epigenetic memory.

Indexed as

DNA MethylationGene SilencingAcetylationAnimalsCHO CellsChromatinCricetulusDNA (Cytosine-5-)-MethyltransferasesDNA Methyltransferase 3BGenes, ReporterGenetic EngineeringHistone DeacetylasesHistonesHumansModels, GeneticRepressor ProteinsChromatinDNA (Cytosine-5-)-MethyltransferasesDNA Methyltransferase 3BHistone DeacetylasesHistonesRepressor Proteins

Identifiers

PMID26912859
PMCPMC5108652

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.