Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26912479›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2016

The evolutionary history of genes involved in spoken and written language: beyond FOXP2.

Alessandra Mozzi, Diego Forni, Mario Clerici, Uberto Pozzoli, Sara Mascheretti, Franca R Guerini, Stefania Riva, Nereo Bresolin, Rachele Cagliani, Manuela Sironi

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed
15.8field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 69 citations in OpenAlex.

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  13. Evolution of regulatory signatures in primate cortical neurons at cell-type resolution.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2020
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Alessandra MozziBioinformatics, Scientific Institute IRCCS E. MEDEA, 23842 Bosisio Parini, Italy.
Diego ForniBioinformatics, Scientific Institute IRCCS E. MEDEA, 23842 Bosisio Parini, Italy.
Mario ClericiDepartment of Physiopathology and Transplantation, University of Milan, 20090 Milan, Italy.
Uberto PozzoliBioinformatics, Scientific Institute IRCCS E. MEDEA, 23842 Bosisio Parini, Italy.
Sara MascherettiChild Psychopathology Unit, Scientific Institute IRCCS E. MEDEA, 23842 Bosisio Parini, Lecco, Italy.
Franca R GueriniDon C. Gnocchi Foundation ONLUS, IRCCS, 20100 Milan, Italy.
Stefania RivaBioinformatics, Scientific Institute IRCCS E. MEDEA, 23842 Bosisio Parini, Italy.
Nereo BresolinBioinformatics, Scientific Institute IRCCS E. MEDEA, 23842 Bosisio Parini, Italy.
Rachele CaglianiBioinformatics, Scientific Institute IRCCS E. MEDEA, 23842 Bosisio Parini, Italy.
Manuela SironiBioinformatics, Scientific Institute IRCCS E. MEDEA, 23842 Bosisio Parini, Italy.
IRCCS Eugenio Medea · ITDon Carlo Gnocchi Foundation · ITFondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico · IT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Humans possess a communication system based on spoken and written language. Other animals can learn vocalization by imitation, but this is not equivalent to human language. Many genes were described to be implicated in language impairment (LI) and developmental dyslexia (DD), but their evolutionary history has not been thoroughly analyzed. Herein we analyzed the evolution of ten genes involved in DD and LI. Results show that the evolutionary history of LI genes for mammals and aves was comparable in vocal-learner species and non-learners. For the human lineage, several sites showing evidence of positive selection were identified in KIAA0319 and were already present in Neanderthals and Denisovans, suggesting that any phenotypic change they entailed was shared with archaic hominins. Conversely, in FOXP2, ROBO1, ROBO2, and CNTNAP2 non-coding changes rose to high frequency after the separation from archaic hominins. These variants are promising candidates for association studies in LI and DD.

Indexed as

Evolution, MolecularAnimalsForkhead Transcription FactorsHumansLanguage Development DisordersMembrane ProteinsNerve Tissue ProteinsReceptors, ImmunologicRoundabout ProteinsSelection, GeneticSequence AlignmentCNTNAP2 protein, humanForkhead Transcription FactorsFOXP2 protein, humanMembrane ProteinsNerve Tissue ProteinsReceptors, ImmunologicROBO2 protein, humanRoundabout Proteins

Identifiers

PMID26912479
PMCPMC4766443
OpenAlexW2279694521

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.